Kingdom Animalia

1. Kingdom Animalia

2. Write the following key terms on the back of your notes!

3. Body Plans • Asymmetrical • Having no specific shape Sponge • Bilateral • ½ body is mirror image of other ½

4. Body Plans • Radial Symmetry • Same distance around a central point or line • Like a wheel

5. Body Plans • Anterior • Front end of an animal (head) • Posterior • Back end of an animal (tail) Anterior Posterior

6. Body Plans • Dorsal • Back • Ventral • Belly or underside (stomach) Dorsal Ventral

7. Vocabulary • Endothermic • Maintaining a constant body temperature • Ectothermic • Body temperature same as surrounding temperature 98.6° 72 °

8. Pre-fixes To Know Endo = within / inside Ecto / Exo = Outside Meso = Middle

9. Invertebrates • No Backbone • 95% of all animals fall into this category

11. Phylum Porifera • Sponges • Simplest • Asymmetrical shape • Filter water through body (pores) • Sessile – anchored to a surface • No organs, but specialized cells Attached

12. Phylum Cnidaria • “Bag or Sac-like” Animals • Jellyfish, Corals and Hydra • Radial Symmetry • Tentacles with Stinging Cells (nematocysts)

13. Phylum Platyhelminthes • Flatworms, planarians, tapeworms • Bilaterial symmetry • Tissues • Endoderm, Ectoderm & Mesoderm • Single body opening – Pharynx – used like a straw to ingest food • Two-way digestion – Food in, waste out Pharynx

15. Other Flatworms...

16. Phylum Nematoda • Round worms, hook worms and whip worms • Parasites • Bilateral symmetry • Most numerous worms

17. Phylum Annelida • Segmented worms; most complex worms • Leaches, marine worms, earthworms • Bilateral Symmetry

18. Annelida.... Circulation • Closed Circulatory system Aortic Arch

19. Phylum Mollusca • Clams, Snails, Octopus • Filter Feeders– clams • Gastrovascular cavity– octopus, snails • Bilateral Symmetry • External, Internal or NO Shell • Tentacles – lack stinging cells, but trap food

20. Clams, snails,octopus

21. Phylum Arthropoda "Jointed Walking Legs"

22. Arthropods.... • Lobster, Crayfish, Insects and Crabs • Insects: Most successful group on earth • Largest Phylum • Bilateral symmetry • Exoskeleton: outer skeleton made of Chitin • Must molt or shed their shell to grow

24. Arthropods... • Body segmented into distinct body parts… • Head, Thorax and Abdomen • Better developed senses • Most have internal fertilization (on land)

25. Phylum Echinodermata • “Spiny Skin” • Marine Invertebrates • Sea Star, Sea cucumbers, Starfish, Sand dollars • Water Vascular system controls tube feet movement and aids digestive system • Inner skeleton - Endoskeleton

26. Echinoderms... • Regeneration of lost body parts • Radial Symmetry

27. Vertebrates • Phylum Chordata • All chordates have these characteristics in some point in their lives • Notochord- dorsal rod of cartilage • Dorsal nerve cord • Gill slits and tail

28. Vertebrates • Sub-phylum Vertebrata • Backbone- made of Vertebrae-bony segments • Highly evolved nervous system

29. Vertebrates • Class Agnatha- jawless fish • Have sucker heads • Ex. Lamprey and hagfish

30. Vertebrates • Class Chondrichthyes- cartilagenous fish • Skeleton made of cartilage • Ex. Sharks, rays, and skates

31. Vertebrates • Class Osteichthyes- bony fish • Majority of fish

32. Vertebrates • Class Amphibia • Live a “Double Life”- live on land but must return to water to reproduce • No skin covering, moist, no claws • Ex.- frogs, salamanders, toads

33. Vertebrates • Class Amphibia • Lay eggs • Ectothermic- cold blooded • External fertilization in water • Gas Exchange and excretion • Gills as tadpole, Lungs as • adult • Diffuse oxygen through their • skin

34. Vertebrates • Class Reptilia • Produce first land egg- allows for reproduction on land • Amniotic egg- fluid filled egg laid on land • Reptile eggs have a leathery case • Internal fertilization

35. Vertebrates • Class Reptilia • Scales and claws • Ectothermic • 3 chambered heart (except crocodiles and alligator- they have 4 chambers) • Ex- snakes, lizards, turtles, alligators

36. Vertebrates • Class Aves- birds • Endothermic- maintain constant body temperature even when external conditions change • Feathers- believed to be modified scales (scales still present on feet)

37. Vertebrates • Class Aves • Hollow bones for flight • Internal fertilization • Ex- geese, swans, chickens, hawks

38. Birds • http://www.mcwdn.org/Animals/birdsvideos.html

39. Vertebrates • Class Mammalia • About 70 million years old • Mammary glands- nurse young • Reproduction- internal fertilization • Internal development & parental care of young

40. Vertebrates • Marsupials- pouched mammals • Monotremes- egg laying mammals • Placentals- fetus fed through placenta during development

41. Other Mammal Features • Insulation hair or fur • Endothermic maintains a constant body temperature • Complex organ systems (nervous, digestive, circulatory, etc. • Circulatory 4 chambered heart

42. Vertebrates • Class Mammalia • Insulation- hair on body • Endothermic • Legs under body • Complex nervous system • Circulatory- 4 chambered heart • Gas exchange and excretion • Lungs • Kidneys-nephrons and bladder