After 1812

1. After 1812 The American victory over the British in the War of 1812: 1. Produced an American claim to the Oregon Territory 2. Increased migration of American settlers into Florida

2. The Monroe Doctrine • The American continents should not be considered for future colonization by any European powers. • Nations in the Western Hemisphere are republics by nature rather than monarchies. • USA will stay out of European affairs • The USA will see any attempt by European powers to force their system on any nation in the Western Hemisphere as a threat.

4. Westward Economics • Opportunity in the form of land to own and farm • Growth of railroads and canals helped the growth of an industrial economy

5. Eli Whitney’s Invention • Cotton Gin led to the spread of the slavery-based “cotton kingdom” in the Deep South.

6. Conflict in Texas • Migration into Texas led to an armed revolt againstMexican rule and a famous battle at the Alamo. • The Texans’ victory over Mexican forces brought Texas into the Union.

7. Warm-Up • In the first half of the 1800’s, the initials “G.T.T.” appeared on houses and mail. Given the migrations of the times, what do you think that meant?

8. Mexican War • Intervención Norteamericana en México (North American intervention in Mexico) • Invasión Estadounidense de México (American Invasion of Mexico)

9. Mexican War The US victory in the Mexican War led to the acquisition of an enormous territory that included the present-day states of California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and parts of Colorado and New Mexico.

10. Treaty of Guadeloupe-Hidalgo • Ended the Mexican War, dictated by USA • Gave the USA for $15 Mil

11. Age of the Common Man • Heightened emphasis on equality in the political process for adult white males • The rise of interest group politics and sectional issues • A changing style of campaigning • Increased voter participation

12. Andrew Jackson Andrew Jackson personified the “democratic spirit” of the age by rewarding campaign supporters with public office (Spoils System).

13. MAP ACTIVITY • 13 Colonies & Territories • Louisiana Purchase • Oregon Territory • Mexican Cession • Texas • Florida • Gadsden Purchase

14. http://www.pbs.org/kera/usmexicanwar/educators/md1_power.htmlhttp://www.pbs.org/kera/usmexicanwar/educators/md1_power.html

15. Warm Up • What do you think of when you hear the terms “common man”? • Are you and your family part of the “common man”? • Can you think of someone you know or know of who is not part of the “common man”?

16. Political Parties • The Federalist Party disappears. • Whigs and Know-Nothings, were organized in opposition to the Democratic Party.

17. Whigs • Formed in opposition to Andrew Jackson and the Democratic Party • Whigs supported the supremacy of Congress over the Executive Branch • Favored modernization and economic protectionism

18. Know-Nothings • Empowered by popular fears that the country was being overwhelmed by Irish Catholic immigrants • Tried to curb immigration

19. Impact on American Indians America’s “Manifest Destiny” to stretch from Atlantic to Pacific provided political support for territorial expansion.

20. Battles with Natives • American Indians were repeatedly defeated in violent conflicts with settlers and soldiers and forcibly removed from their ancestral homelands.

21. Indian Removal Act • Called for and signed into law by President Jackson • Was supposed to be voluntary, but was violently enforced

22. Trail of Tears • Native Americans were forced to march far away from their homes (“Trail of Tears,” when several tribes were relocated from Atlantic Coast states to Oklahoma).

24. Review Questions • Who was the president who ordered the removal of American Indians that resulted in the “Trail of Tears?” • What is the present-day name of the area where most of the American Indians ended up? • From where did most of the American Indians move?

25. Warm Up • Take out the chart you completed last class/homework. • Look over this chart and make some decisions • Why did these compromises work/not work? • Could anything have been changed to make these work?

26. Review Quiz • 1. Two political parties emerged in the country in the late 1790s. The Anti-Federalists were led by Thomas Jefferson. The Federalists were led by • A George Washington. • B Alexander Hamilton. • C John Marshall. • D James Madison. • 2. The Supreme Court case of Marbury v. Madison is significant because it • A prohibited states from taxing the federal government. • B allowed for the annexation of the Louisiana Territory. • C authorized the Monroe Doctrine. • D established the power of the courts to declare laws unconstitutional. • 3. The Louisiana Purchase, purchased during the administration of Thomas Jefferson, • A annexed territory formerly held by Spain. • B was strongly opposed by Mexico. • C doubled the size of the United States. • D included land in present day Arizona.

27. 4. The Articles of Confederation was unsuccessful as a government system because • A It established a common currency. • B It established a balance of power between national and state governments. • C It established a weak national government. • D It established state representation in the national legislature by population. • 5. The Three-Fifths Compromise was established to • A satisfy the concern of New England states. • B ensure representation for western territories. • C allow for representation of new immigrants. • D address the concern of southern states.

28. 6. The author of the Bill of Rights and the “Virginia Plan” proposing a federal government with three branches was • A Thomas Jefferson. • B George Washington. • C James Madison. • D Patrick Henry. • 7. The concepts used when drafting the Bill of Rights were derived from which of the following documents? • A Virginia Declaration of Rights and Virginia Statute of Religious Freedom • B Magna Carta and Mayflower Compact • C Declaration of Independence and Common Sense • D Articles of Confederation and Proclamation of 1763 • 8. Which of the following groups opposed the Bill of Rights because it was believed the Constitution protected basic rights? • A Patriots • B Anti-Federalists • C Loyalist • D Federalists

29. 9. The Enlightenment philosopher, John Locke, influenced the American belief in self-government through his writing that • A encouraged the British government to permit the American colonists to vote. • B kings ruled through divine right. • C people need the elite to determine the best form of government. • D power resides in the people and they consent to a form of government. • 10. The following English immigrant challenged the rule of the American colonies by the King of England in a pamphlet known as Common Sense. • A Patrick Henry • B Thomas Paine • C Benjamin Franklin • D Paul Revere

30. 11. The French and Indian War was the result of rivalry between • A France and Great Britain. • B France and Canada. • C France and Spain. • D France and the Native Americans (First Americans). • 12. The American Revolution began with a battle between British and colonial troops at • A Bunker Hill. • B Lexington and Concord. • C Saratoga. • D Boston and Yorktown. • 13. The contribution of the following country’s army and navy helped the colonists win the American Revolution: • A Germany • B France • C Portugal • D Russia

31. 14. Most individuals settling in Virginia were • A relocated prisoners. • B nobility seeking adventure. • C seeking economic opportunities. • D Christian missionaries. • 15. Which of the following groups settled New England? A Puritans B Cavaliers C Dutch D Germans