Teamwork

1. Teamwork José Onofre Montesa Andrés Universidad Politécnica de Valencia Escuela Superior de Informática Aplicada 2003-2004

2. Introduction • The actually need of obtain new products in a little time. • Teamwork are associate with effectiveness and efficiency. • In same situations individual human being is insufficient, and this is the reason management needs to focus on teams. GpiI-2B Teamwork

3. Why have teams become so popular? • Outperforms individuals when the task being done require: • Multiple skills. • Judgment. • Experience. • Better utilize employee talents. • More flexibility. • Motivational properties. GpiI-2B Teamwork

4. Difference between group and team. • Group interacts primarily to share information and to make decisions to help each member perform within his or her area of responsibility. • Work team is a group whose individual effort in a performance that is greater than the sum of those individual inputs. GpiI-2B Teamwork

5. Work group Work teams Synergy and coordinated effort Share information Neutral (st. negative) Individual Random and varied Goal Synergy Accountability Skills Collective Performance Positive Individual and mutual Complementary GpiI-2B Teamwork

6. Team work are interesting for management • If we have positive synergy • We will increase output with no increase in inputs. GpiI-2B Teamwork

7. Types of teams • Problem Solving Teams • Self-managed Work Teams • Cross-functional Teams GpiI-2B Teamwork

8. Problem Solving Teams • 5-12; = dep.; few h/week; improve q. • Example: quality circles ? GpiI-2B Teamwork

9. Self-managed Work Teams • Groups of 10 a 15 people who take on responsibilities of their former supervisors. • Include • Collective control over the pace of work, • Work assignments. • Organization of breaks. • Choice of inspection procedures. GpiI-2B Teamwork

10. Cross-functional Teams • Employees from about the same hierarchical level, but from different work areas, who come together to accomplish a task. • Task force (temporary) • Committees GpiI-2B Teamwork

11. Linking Teams and group concepts. • Size of Work Teams • Abilities of members • Allocating Roles • Diversity • Having a Commitment to a Common Purpose • Establishing Specific Goals • Leadership and Structure • Social Loafing and Accountability • Performance Evaluation and Rewards. • High Mutual Trust GpiI-2B Teamwork

12. Size of Work Teams • Best smalls. • More than 10 to 12 members difficult… • Large can’t develop… • Cohesiveness, commitment, and mutual accountability. • If we have more… break the group into subgroups. GpiI-2B Teamwork

13. Abilities of members • Complementary • Types • Technical expertise, • Problem solving and decision-making skills, • Interpersonal skills. • Don’t need to have all the complementary skills in place at their beginning…same can learn,… but is necessary to reach its full potential. GpiI-2B Teamwork

14. Allocating Roles • Put individuals into jobs that are compatible with their personalities. • People should be selected for a team based on their personalities and preferences. GpiI-2B Teamwork

15. Team Roles • Creator-innovators • Imaginative and good at initiating ideas.. • Independent and work on their own. • Explorer-Promoters • Like to take new ideas and champion their cause. • Assessor-Developers • Analyze decision options GpiI-2B Teamwork

16. Team Roles • Thruster-Organizers • Provides structure • Concluder-Producers • Provide direction and follow through. • Controller-Inspectors • Check for details GpiI-2B Teamwork

17. Team Roles • Upholder-Maintainers • Fight external battles. • Reporter-Advisers • Seek full information. • Linkers • Coordinate and integrate. GpiI-2B Teamwork

18. Diversity • Managers need to understand the individuals strengths that each person can bring to a team. • Football,… • Better if different people • Need people in all the functions. GpiI-2B Teamwork

19. Having a Commitment to a Common Purpose • Does the team a meaningful purpose that all members aspire to? • Apple – Macintosh • Members of successful teams put a tremendous amount of time and effort into discussing, shaping and agreeing on propose that belongs to them both collective and individually. GpiI-2B Teamwork

20. Establishing Specific Goals • Successful teams translate their common purpose into: • specific • Measurable • Realistic • Goals GpiI-2B Teamwork

21. Leadership and Structure • To provide focus and direction. • By managers or other members, better: • Explorer-promoter, thruster-organizer, concluder-producer, upholder-maintainer, or Linker. GpiI-2B Teamwork

22. Social Loafing and Accountability • It’s limited. • People know their responsibilities as team and individually. GpiI-2B Teamwork

23. Performance Evaluation and Rewards • Reflect team performance. • Group based appraisal, Profit sharing, . GpiI-2B Teamwork

24. High Mutual Trust • Characterize high performance teams. • But trust is fragile • It takes a long time to build • Can be easy destroyed • Is hard to regain. GpiI-2B Teamwork

25. High Mutual Trust • Integrity. • Honesty and truthfulness • Competence • Technical, interpersonal • Consistency • Reliability, Predictability and good judgment • Loyalty • Willingness to protect and save face for a person. • Openness • Willingness to share ideas and information freely. GpiI-2B Teamwork

26. Building trust • Demonstrate that you are working for others’ interest as well as your own. • Be a team player (defend). • Practice openness. • Be fair (objectivity and fairness). • Speak your feelings (human). • Show consistency in the basic values that guide your decision making. • Maintain confidences. • Demonstrate competence. GpiI-2B Teamwork

27. Turning individuals into team players. • Many people are not inherently team players. • Individual achievements • Loners • Steps • The challenge • Shaping Team Players • Rewards GpiI-2B Teamwork

28. The challenge • A barrier to teams is individual resistance • Success no as individual performance • Sublimate personal goals for the good of teams. • The challenge is greatest if • Culture is individualistic • Historically we have reward individuals. GpiI-2B Teamwork

29. Shaping Team Players • Selection • What do you think about teamwork? • Training • Experience the satisfaction that teamwork can provide • Rewards • Promotions, pay raises, …, should be given to individuals for how effective they are as team members. GpiI-2B Teamwork

30. And when it works • If teams are mature and performing, • Manager’s job isn’t over... • Stagnant • Complacent • Managers need to support teams with: • Advice and guidance, • Training if these teams are to continue improve. GpiI-2B Teamwork