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“The Thirst is Real” Depressants

“The Thirst is Real” Depressants. Option D: Medicine & Drugs Ashley Hinds Juan Penaranda Stephanie Weng Davis Bang Rachel Bennett. Effects of Alcohol Consumption. Death Coma General Anesthesia Hypnosis Sedation Disinhibition Relief of Anxiety Normal Increasing Dose.

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“The Thirst is Real” Depressants

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  1. “The Thirst is Real”Depressants Option D: Medicine & Drugs Ashley Hinds Juan Penaranda Stephanie Weng Davis Bang Rachel Bennett

  2. Effects of Alcohol Consumption Death Coma General Anesthesia Hypnosis Sedation Disinhibition Relief of Anxiety Normal Increasing Dose

  3. Do you want this for yourself?

  4. Guess that Depressant!

  5. D.4.1 The Effects of Depressants • A depressant is any chemical substance that inhibits the nervous system from functioning • The short-term effects of depressants: loss of inhibition, a sense of euphoria, difficulties concentrating, impaired motor functioning, slurred speech. • Long-term effects: addiction, heart problems, reduced organ functioning, death

  6. D.4.1 The Effects of Depressants • Depressants slow the function of the central nervous system, which results in impaired cognitive and physical functioning • An individual who is dependent on alcohol or other depressants usually experiences severe withdrawal symptoms: tremors, dehydration, pain, chronic insomnia • Years of depressant abuse can permanent damage the liver, heart, brain, and other internal organs.

  7. Social Effects: Pregnant women who drink alcohol will increase the chance of giving birth to an infant with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) Parental alcoholism can cause children to suffer with low self-esteem, loneliness, guilt, and chronic depression Almost 30 % of father-daughter incest cases and 75 % of domestic violence abuse involves a family member who is an alcoholic Physiological Effects: Alcoholism is a disease which involves a psychological addiction characterized by the inability to control intake Alcohol abuse involves a pattern of drinking associated w/ failure to fulfill obligations (work, school, or home), drinking while driving, physically harming someone, or on-going problems in relationships. D.4.2 Social & Physiological Effects of the Use & Abuse of Ethanol

  8. D.4.2 (continued) Alcohol Abuse Cost to Society • Health-related costs include expenditures on medical treatment, loss of productivity in workers, and losses to society due to premature death • The cost to society of alcohol abuse was $70.3 billion in 1985 and $85.9 billion in 1988. • It was an estimated $89 billion in 1980 and $116 billion in 1983.

  9. D.4.3 • This is Juan’s portion along with the homework sheet. • I am currently at App for a TSA competition. • Richard Thornley will explain the different ways ethanol can be detected from the body with the help of YouTube. • He specifies on what IB wants you to know.

  10. Detection of Ethanol in Breath Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC)-mass grams of ethanol per 100 cm3 of blood Ethanol can be detected by breathalyzer test Oxidation ethanol to ethanoic acid where acidified K2Cr2O7 (potassium dichromate) is the oxidizing agent The orange Cr(VI) is reduced to green Cr(III) Transfer of electrons produces current voltage is measured D.4.3 Techniques for Detection of Ethanol in Breath, Blood, & Urine

  11. D.4.3 Techniques for Detection of Ethanol in Breath, Blood, & Urine Detection of Ethanol in Blood &Urine: • Small samples of ethanol can be separated from samples of blood and urine using Gas Liquid Chromatography • Inert gas through liquid or solid • Compounds separated by b.p. • Different retention times are recorded • Amount of ethanol = area under peak

  12. D.4.4 Describe the Synergistic Effects of Ethanol with other Drugs

  13. Valium (Diazepam) Diazepam is used to treat anxiety disorders, alcohol withdrawal symptoms, muscle spasms, irritable bowel syndrome, and panic attacks. Contains a phenyl group (C6H5) w/ a fused benzene ring with Cl & 7 membered heterocyclic ring with 2 nitrogen atoms D.4.5 Identify Commonly used Depressants & Describe their Structures

  14. Mogadon (nitrazepam) is a type of synthetic drug called benzodiazepines Nitrazepam is used for the short-term treatment of severe insomnia. Contains a phenyl group (C6H5) w/ a fused benzene ring with NO2 & 7 membered heterocyclic ring with 2 nitrogen atoms; the secondary nitrogen is an amine. D.4.5 Identify Commonly used Depressants & Describe their Structures

  15. D.4.5 Identify Commonly used Depressants & Describe their Structures Prozac (fluoxetine hydrochloride) Used to treat mental depression such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), bulimia nervosa, panic disorder by increasing serotonin levels Prozac contains the amine group that can react with HCL to produce fluoxetine hydrochloride which is water soluble

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