Cells: The Basic Unit of Life

1. Cells:The Basic Unit of Life January 2014

2. Vocabulary • 1. tissue-a group of cells that work together to perform a specific job • 2. organ- a group of 2 or more tissues working together to perform a specific job • 3. organ system- organs working together in a group to perform specific jobs • 4. organism-anything that can live on its own • 5. unicellular- organism that is a single cell

3. Vocabulary continued • 6. multicellar- organism that is made of many cells • 7. population- group of organisms that are the same kind and that live in the same area • 8. community- 2 or more different populations living in the same area • 9. ecosystem- the community and all non-living things that affect it

4. Vocabulary continued • 10. cell membrane- acts as a barrier between the inside of the cell and the cell’s environment • 11. organelles-structures in a cell that allow it to live, grow, and reproduce • 12. cytoplasm-fluid in a cell that contains the organelles

5. Vocabulary continued • 13. nucleus- holds the cells DNA and is the control center for the cell • 14.prokayotic- cells that do not have a nucleus • 15. eukaryotic- cells with a nucleus • 16. bacteria- singe celled organisms without a nucleus

6. The discovery of cells • 1. In 1665, a British scientist named Robert Hooke discovered cells • 2. He named them cells, • which means “little rooms” • In Latin

7. Cell Theory • - The foundation of biology • Cell Theory • 1. All living things are made of cells • 2. Cells are the basic structure and function of all living things • 3. All cells come from existing cells • Video

8. Compare and Contrast Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes Prokaryotic cell Eukayotic cell 1. nucleus 2. membrane-covered organelles 3. linear DNA 4. All other cells • 1. no nucleus • 2. no membrane-covered organelles • 3. circular DNA • 4. Bacteria

9. Cell organelles • 1. cell membrane- surrounds the cell, keeps the cytoplasm inside and allows nutrients to enter the cell and waste products to exit the cell • Found in plant and animal cell • It’s function reminds me of ……….

10. Cell organelles • 2. cell wall- made of cellulose, provides strength and support to the cell membrane • Found in plant cells • It’s function reminds me of ……….

11. Cell organelles • 3. nucleus- contains the cell’s DNA and is the control center for the cell • Found in plant and animal cell • It’s function reminds me of ……….

12. Cell organelles • 4. ribosomes- amino acids are hooked together to make proteins • Found in plant and animal cells • It’s function reminds me of……..

13. Cell organelles • 5. Mitochondria-break down food molecules to make ATP (energy) “power house” • Found in plant and animal cells • It’s function reminds me of……….

14. Cell organelles • 6. chloroplasts-make food using the energy from sunlight • Found in plant cells • It’s function reminds of ………

15. Cell organelles • 7. endoplasmic reticulum- makes lipids (fats), breaks down drugs, packages up proteins for release from the cell • Found in plant and animal cells It’s function reminds me of……

16. Cell organelles • 8. golgi complex- processes and transports materials out of the cell • Found in plant and animal cell • It’s function reminds me of…….

17. Cell organelles • 9. Vacuole-stores water and other materials • A large vacuole is found in plant cells, smaller vacuoles are found in animals cells • It’s function reminds me of……..

18. Cell organelles • 10. lysosomes- digest food particles, wastes, cell parts and foreign invaders • Found in plant and animal cells • It’s function reminds me of……

19. Cell Organelles • 11. Cytoplasm- • Fluid that holds the organelles • Found in plant and animal cells • It’s function reminds me of……