Critical Thinking in the 21st Century Sarah Conway

1. CriticalThinking in the 21st Century Sarah Conway

2. CriticalThinking • basic principles and characteristics of critical thinking • the relevance critical thinking has to modern-day teaching and learning, to the world of work, and to other aspects of our lives. • some activities in which we will discover how we can employ critical thinking strategies to help ourselves and our learners, both in the classroom and beyond.

3. CriticalThinking • What? • Why? • How?

4. True or False? Criticalthinkingoccursnaturally and spontaneously. Criticalthinkingis a skillhumans can practice and develop. Criticalthinkingisan American idea, so it’simpossibletoteachtoMexicanstudents. Criticalthinkingisonlyrelatedtothesciences, it has nothingto do withlanguages. Criticalthinkingissomethingthatmust be studied and practiced. Criticalthinkingisonlyforhighlevelstudents, notbeginners. Criticalthinkingis a sign of highintelligence. Criticalthinkingisabouthowstudents produce knowledge, nothowthey reproduce it. Criticalthinkingisbecoming more important, as ourworldbecomes more complex.

5. False Criticalthinkingoccursnaturally and spontaneously. Criticalthinkingis a skillhumans can practice and develop. Criticalthinkingisan American idea, so it’simpossibletoteachtoMexicanstudents. Criticalthinkingisonlyrelatedtothesciences, it has nothingto do withlanguages. Criticalthinkingissomethingthatmust be studied and practiced. Criticalthinkingisonlyforhighlevelstudents, notbeginners. Criticalthinkingis a sign of highintelligence. Criticalthinkingisabouthowstudents produce knowledge, nothowthey reproduce it. Criticalthinkingisbecoming more important, as ourworldbecomes more complex.

6. True Criticalthinkingis a skillhumans can practice and develop. Criticalthinkingissomethingthatmust be studied and practiced. Criticalthinkingisabouthowstudents produce knowledge, nothowthey reproduce it. Criticalthinkingisbecoming more important, as ourworldbecomes more complex.

7. True Criticalthinkingis a skillhumans can practice and develop. Criticalthinkingissomethingthatmust be studied and practiced. Criticalthinkingisabouthowstudents produce knowledge, nothowthey reproduce it. Criticalthinkingisbecoming more important, as ourworldbecomes more complex.

8. Discussion • Critical thinking is not commonly taught in the Mexican education system. What does this mean for our students? • What impact has technology had on critical thinking? • Do you already encourage your students to think critically? How? Choice

9. Perception

10. Perception • Toillustratedifferentways of seeing

11. Perception • Toillustratedifferentways of seeing • To show thatpeople can perceivethesamething in differentways

12. Perception • Toillustratedifferentways of seeing • To show thatpeople can perceivethesamething in differentways • Tohelpdevelopanappreciation of thatfactthatthesamething can beseen in differentways, notonly in thelanguageclassroom, butalso in real life

13. It is time to elect a new world leader, and your vote counts. Here are the facts about the three leading candidates. Which candidate would be your choice?

14. Candidate A associates with crooked politicians, and consults with astrologists. He's had two mistresses. He also chain smokes and drinks 8 to 10 martinis a day.

15. Candidate A associates with crooked politicians, and consults with astrologists. He's had two mistresses. He also chain smokes and drinks 8 to 10 martinis a day. • Candidate B was kicked out of office twice, sleeps until noon, used opium in college and drinks a quart of whisky every evening.

16. Candidate A associates with crooked politicians, and consults with astrologists. He's had two mistresses. He also chain smokes and drinks 8 to 10 martinis a day. • Candidate B was kicked out of office twice, sleeps until noon, used opium in college and drinks a quart of whisky every evening. • Candidate C is a decorated war hero. He's a vegetarian, doesn't smoke, drinks an occasional beer and hasn't had any extramarital affairs.

17. Candidate A is Franklin D. Roosevelt.

18. Candidate A is Franklin D. Roosevelt. • Candidate B isWinston Churchill.

19. Candidate A is Franklin D. Roosevelt. • Candidate B isWinston Churchill. • Candidate C is Adolf Hitler. Assumptions

20. AFAN A: Assumptions What have I assumed? What have I taken for granted? Do I need more information? What are the facts? F: For What is the evidence for my opinion? Is it good evidence? Is it a fact or a belief? What are the reasons for my belief? A: Against What are the alternatives to my point of view? Can I see this another way? What if my starting assumption is wrong? N: Now What? This is a question posed to lead to a better assessment of the argument, one that may produce a better final decision. Assumptions EvrimÜstünlüoğlu Language Teaching Through Critical Thinking and Self-Awareness

21. BreakingThinkingHabits Thesuspectis 25 yearsold, has losthis wife and hisjob, and has sole responsibilityforthecare of his 10 year old son. Thesuspectwascaughtstealing foodworth 150 pesos. Thinkingfreely

22. One minute 3 thingsyoudidn’tknow at thestart of thesession 2 thingsyouwouldliketo try foryourself 1 thingyou are stillthinkingabout Reflection

23. Resource Pack • A collective brainstorm activity for your Teachers’ Room noticeboard • A copy of the AFAN handout for you and your students to refer to • An example of a reading lesson designed to develop critical thinking • Some articles in .pdfformat • A bibliography suggesting further reading Practice

24. Thankyou! Sarah Conway forThe Anglo MexicanFoundation sarahmgconway@gmail.com