Bellringer

1. Bellringer • What are three things you have learned from this chapter? • Write down on your own sheet of paper with your name, date, period, and Bellringers at the top • Put your Chapter 1 & 2 notes in the tray

2. Bellringer • What are the four main rivers of Africa? • Put your completed Bellringers in the tray • Get your notes in the correct order, staple, and name on them to turn in Monday before your test • Ch. 1-1 (Graphic Organizer) • Ch. 1-3 (Graphic Organizer) • Ch. 2-1 (Graphic Organizer) • Ch. 2-2 (Chart of African Kingdoms) • Ch. 2-3 (Graphic Organizer) • Ch. 2-5 (Graphic Organizer

3. Geography of Africa Chapters 1 & 2 Test Review

4. Because the land area of much of Africa is high, the continent is often called the • Coastal plain continent • Mountain continent • Plateau continent • River valley continent

5. Why is it impossible for ships to sail from Africa’s interior to the sea? • Waterfalls or rapids interrupt the rivers’ flow • Mountains interrupt the rivers’ flow • Rift valleys interrupt the rivers flow • Tributaries interrupt the rivers’ flow

6. The Nile, the Congo, the Zambezi, and the Niger are the names of major • Mountains in Africa • Rivers in Africa • Coastal plains in Africa • Rift valleys in Africa

7. Africa’s location near the Equator, its elevation, and its relationship to large bodies of water and landforms affect its • Language • Government • Archaeology • Climate

8. The landform that extends across most of North Africa is • The Sahara • The Namib Desert • The Nile River • Mount Kilimanjaro

9. What area of land supports tall grasses, thorny bushes, and scattered trees? • Coastal plain • Desert • Rain forest • Savanna

10. Because much of Africa is between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn, most of the country is located in a • Moderate climate region • Subtropical climate region • Tropical climate region • Temperate climate region

11. How do many nomads make their living in the Sahara? • They live in one place so they can care for their herds • They live in the cities where they can sell their goods • They travel to find water and food for their herds • They create large farms in the desert to grow food

12. The four geographic regions of Africa are • South, East, North, and Central and Eastern • Northeast, South, Central and South, and East • North, West, East, and Central and Southern • North, South, East, and West

13. The majority of Africa’s farmland is used for • Harvesting trees • Cash crops • Commercial farming • Subsistence farming

14. Most of Africa’s workers are employed in • Trading • Mining • Farming • Manufacturing

15. Unlike farmers who raise cash crops, subsistence farmers raise crops to • Sell to Western countries • Support entire villages • Support their families • Sell to other African countries

16. Why did Europeans build empires in Africa after the end of the African slave trade? • For the natural resources found there • To redesign African borders • To unite the African people • Because they were overcrowded in Europe

17. Africa’s most important natural resources are • Electricity and trade • Crops, minerals, and timber • Manufacturing, trade, and crops • Solar energy, trade, and timber

18. Which European country controlled the trade of East Africa’s coast until well into the 1600s? • England • Spain • France • Portugal

19. How do producing a variety of crops, raw materials, and manufactured goods affect African countries? • They can afford to buy equipment for mining • They can protect their economies in an unstable world market • They cannot protect themselves if a major cash crop fails • They cannot survive a serious drought

20. The power of West African kingdoms was based on • The herding of sheep and cows • The trade of gold for salt • The manufacturing of clothing • The farming of oats and wheat

21. The earliest humans in East Africa got their food by • Hunting and gathering • Trading and hunting • Domesticating and herding • Farming and gathering

22. The earliest people in Egypt settled • In the mountains • Near the coast • Along the banks of the Nile River • in the Sahara

23. In order to win independence from the colonial powers, African leaders encouraged the growth of • Religion • Farming • Nationalism • Trade

24. By the 1600s, Portuguese traders were trading • Gold for African salt • Guns for enslaved Africans • Clothing for African crops • Salt for African guns

25. How did World War II affect Africa? • It inspired African’s to demand their independence • It increased trade between Africa and the U.S. • It decreased the growth of cash crops • It encouraged European countries to seize more African colonies

26. Islam was spread from Mali into many other parts of Africa by • British soldiers • Muslim traders • Arab farmers • Portuguese sailors

27. In order to depend less on one export, African countries are trying to • Decrease their exports • Diversity their economies • Increase their foreign debt • Expand their farm communities

28. One important effect of trade on the culture of coastal East Africa was the development of • Buddhism • Christianity • Farming • Swahili

29. A serious environmental problem facing Africa today is a decrease in the • Crop harvests • Size of the desert • Amount of fertile land • Number of trees that are planted

30. What is a civilization that arose on the Nile River about 5,000 years ago? • South Africa • Nigeria • Egypt • Senegal

31. Other Items to Know Make sure you can identify on a map: -Atlantic Ocean - Niger River - Indian Ocean - Zambezi River - Mediterranean Sea - Atlas Mountains - Red Sea - Congo Basin - Sahara - Great Rift Valley - Namib - Kalahari - Nile River - Congo River