Bellringer

1. Bellringer • What type of thematic map is this? • What is the title of this map? • What is the median age of PA? Name one state that is similar to PA and one state that is different • What can this map help us to determine?

2. Agenda • BR • Review • Population

3. Your turn • Partners • 2 columns- read chapter 4 pages 70-74

4. The Human World

5. Main Idea: Population growth varies from country to country and is influenced by cultural ideas, migration, and levels of development

6. The Numbers • What is population? • Collection of people living in a given geographic area • Demography: study of populations through statistics • 1000-1800- slow increase in pop • 1800-1950- HUGE increase- pop doubled • Today: 6.5 billion • 2050:

8. Population Growth Terms and Trends

9. Demographic Transition • Birthrate: number of births/year/1000 • Death rate: number of deaths/year/1000

10. Birth Rates Crude Birth Rate - Number of live births per year per thousand people in the populations Total Fertility Rate - Number of children a woman will have in her lifetime Infant Mortality Rate - the number of infants who are born alive, but die before one year of age

12. Birth rate • List two countries with the highest birth rates • List 2 countries with the lowest birth rates • What could affect this?

13. Bellringer • Get out your homework (rest of the Population notes) • How is birthrate determined? What are 2 factors that affect birthrate?

14. Agenda • BR- homework • Discuss map test • Next 5 countries • Death rates, life expectancy, demographic transition model

15. Factors Affecting Birth Rates • Government Policies • Abortion Rates • Age-Sex structure • Female Education • Economic Prosperity • Infant Mortality Rate • Typical age of marriage

16. Bellringer • What does this map portray? • One high country; one low country. Surprises? Trends?

17. Agenda • BR • Population • Culture

19. Fertility Rate • List the country with the highest fertility rate • List 2 countries with the lowest fertility rates • What continent has the highest fertility rate? The lowest? • Why?

21. Infant Mortality Rate • 2 countries with the highest • 2 countries with the lowest • Trends between fertility rate and infant mortality rate? • Why?

22. Death Rates • Death rates- number of death per year/1000 people

23. Factors Affecting Death Rates • Age • Nutrition levels • Standards of diet and housing • Access to clean drinking water • Hygiene levels • Levels of infectious diseases • Levels of violent crime • Conflicts • Number of doctors • Availability and access to food • Better healthcare • Better living conditions

24. Life Expectancy • Average number of years a human has before death

25. Life Expectancy • Continent with the highest life expectancy? • Continent with the lowest life expectancy?

26. Life Expectancy

27. What are some problems with increased life expectancy?

28. Natural Increase • Natural Increase - population growth measured as the excess of live births over deaths.

29. How Countries Population Grow

30. DTM • Trends in the birth and death rates can be shown with the Demographic Transition Model • First used to show declining birth and death rates due to industrialization (in W. Europe)

31. Demographic Transition Model

32. Population Growth • Doubling Time- The period of time required for a quantity to double in size or value • The lower the doubling time the faster the population • Current World Doubling Time- 51 years • Doubling time in developing countries: 25 years • Doubling time in developed countries: can be more than 300 years

34. Population Doubling Times • 2 countries with the highest doubling times (1 outside of Africa) • 2 with the lowest

35. Population Growth • Population Explosion - The rapid growth of the world’s human population during the past 100 years, including shorter doubling times and accelerating rates of increase.

38. Zero Population Growth • Most industrialized and technologically developed countries have transitioned into stage 3 or 4 • They went from having high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates • When birthrate and death rate are equal = zero population growth

39. Problems with positive growth • Need to meet demand for food • Need to replenish resources (water, housing) • Uneven distribution of population (throughout the world and by age)

40. Negative Population Growth and Problems • When death rate exceeds birth rate • 2 countries: Hungary and Germany • Who is going to work?

41. Population Distribution and Movement World population distribution is uneven and is influenced by migration and the Earth’s physical geography

42. Population Distribution • Pattern of where people settle is uneven • Related to geography

43. Where people live? • Almost 90% of people live North of the Equator • > ½ of people live on 5% of the land • Most people live close to sea level • 2/3 of people live 300 miles or less from an ocean

44. Where people live • 30% of Earth is land but we can’t live on mountain peaks, deserts and tundra so people live on a small portion of the land (about 1/3) • People live where it is arable, where water is available and climate isn’t harsh and extreme

45. What are ARABLE LANDS?Which density measurement takes into account arable land?

47. Arable land percentage by country . Source: CIA factbook

48. Arable • 2 most arable countries • 2 least arable countries

49. Trends • What two continents are most populated? • Where in these countries do most people live? • Urban/metropolitan areas • Where are most of those located?