Socialization

1. Socialization And Gender Roles

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22. Gender Roles • Patterns of attitude and behavior that a society expects of its members because of their being female or male

23. The “Woman’s World” • Was the home. • Was caregiver. • To comfort and care for her husband.

24. Women are supposed to be: • Shy • Easily intimidated • Quiet • Passive

25. The “Man’s World” • Breadwinner. • Manual labor. • Compete with other men. • Was outside of the home. • Had to leave home to work in the harsh and heartless jungle of society.

26. Men are supposed to be: • Bold • Ambitious • Aggressive • Competitive

27. More Gender Differences • Women are dependent and in need of male protection. • Men are independent and fit to be leaders. • Women are expected to be emotional. • Men should hold back their emotions. • Women are more likely to express feelings of sympathy, sadness, and distress, but are more inhibited with regard to anger or sexual desire.

28. How Do Gender Roles Affect Us?

29. Gender Roles Elsewhere • The Arapesh of New Guinea men behave in what would be considered feminine in America. • Another tribe in New Guinea, the Mundugumor, both sexes express masculine traits.

30. Gender Roles Elsewhere • Typical U.S. gender roles can be found in most societies. • Men take on the primary role of breadwinner and women hold the secondary role of homemaker. • Even in hunting and gathering societies, men are the dominate gender.

31. Biological Constraints XX • XX and XY (Men are susceptible to 30 types of genetic defects, such as hemophilia and color blindness.) • Men tend to mature more slowly than women. • A higher percentage of males are born and die at a higher rate than females. XY

32. Facts • Male births slightly outnumber female births, but boys have a higher death rate if born premature: 22 percent compared with 15 percent for girls. • Overall, more newborn males die than females (5 to 4). • Sudden infant death syndrome is one and a half times more common in boys than girls. • As teenagers, boys die at twice the rate of girls. • Men have fewer infection-fighting T-cells and are thought to have weaker immune systems than women. • By the age of 36, women outnumber men. • Stroke, cancer, diabetes, heart disease and accidents--all among the top causes of death--kill men at a higher rate than women. • American men typically die almost six years before women do. • By the age of 100, women outnumber men eight to one.

33. Biological Constraints • Men are on average bigger and stronger than women. • The brain of men and women are different too. • There is less specialization in the female brain. Therefore females use both hemispheres of the brain • Females experience greater cell growth in her language-dominated hemisphere

34. Biological Constraints • Female babies are more sensitive to sound. • Male infants are more vigorous and inclined to explore. • Girls are superior in language and descriptive. • Boys visualize. • Men don’t ask for directions, right?

35. The Role of Culture • Biological differences do not explain male superiority and female inferiority. • Culture defines our gender roles. • Culture drives our expectations of behavior and traits.

36. Socialization Agents • The family’s role? • The peer group’s role? • The school’s role? • The media’s role?

37. Gender Skits • In a group put together a skit about gender roles. Your skit should show how the family, the peer group, the school, or the media influence gender roles. Each person in your group must participate in the skit. A script will be drafted and turned in at the time of your presentation. You may bring in props and/or use items in the classroom to incorporate into your skit. The skit should be no longer than 3-minutes.