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Urinary System

AMA 173 - Anatomy & Physiology/Medical Terminology/Pathology 4 Urinary and Male Reproductive Systems. Urinary System.

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Urinary System

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  1. AMA 173 - Anatomy & Physiology/Medical Terminology/Pathology 4 Urinary and Male Reproductive Systems

  2. Urinary System • Function: kidneys remove nitrogenous wastes (urea, creatinine and uric acid) from bloodstream and excrete these (also composed of water, salts and acids) in the form of urine via the ureters, bladder and urethra

  3. Anatomy of the Urinary System • Kidneys: bean shaped and fist sized; filter blood, reabsorb essential substances (water, sugar, salts) and excrete waste in the form of urine • Ureters: tubes thatcarry urine to the bladder • Bladder: muscular sac that holds urine temporarily, contains sphincters that hold the urine until pressure increases • Urethra: after voluntary relaxation of the sphincter muscles, urine passes from the bladder, through the urethra and the urinary meatus (external opening) out of the body

  4. Anatomy of the Kidney • Glomerulus: collection of capillaries or blood vessels; initial stage of filtration occurs here • Bowman Capsule: cup-like structure that surrounds glomerulus, collects wastes materials • Renal Tubule: wastes pass through from Bowman capsule and these tubules reabsorb the essential substances • Nephron: combination of renal tubule and glomerulus; there are more than 1 million nephrons in a kidney • Renal Pelvis: tubules empty into this area of the kidney to collect wastes in the calyces • Calyx: small cup-like regions in the renal pelvis; hold the waste or urine to be release via the ureters to the bladder

  5. Male Reproductive System • Function: produces and releases spermatozoa for fertilization with the female ovum and releases testosterone for the production of male bodily characteristics such as beard, pubic hair and deeper voice

  6. Anatomy of the Male Reproductive System • Testes: male gonad • Scrotum: sack that encloses testicles • Perineum: area between the anus and the scrotum • Seminiferous Tubules: inside testes, produce spermatozoa and testosterone • Epididymis: large tube that stores spermatozoa; runs down the length of each testicle and is about 16 feet long • Vas Deferens: carries sperm from epididymis to the seminal vesicles • Seminal Vesicles: glands at the base of the bladder that secrete seminal fluid to lubricate the sperm so that they may remain motile

  7. Anatomy of the Male Reproductive System continued: • Ejaculatory Duct: tube that leads to the urethra; carries semen to the urethra • Urethra: tube that carries urine or semen out of the penis • Prostate Gland: secretes fluid that aids in the motility of sperm, has a muscle that aids in ejaculation • Bulbourethral Glands: also secrete fluid into the urethra • Penis: external male sexual organ, contains muscles and blood vessels and the urethra • Glans Penis: sensitive region at the tip of the penis • Prepuce: called the foreskin, covers the glans penis at birth, sometimes removed (circumcision)

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