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The MONGOLS Yuan DynastY

The MONGOLS Yuan DynastY. Mongolian Steppes. Xinjiang Region – Typical Uygher [Mongol] “Yurt ”. Mongol Invasions. Mongol Warriors. Mongol Archer. Gold Saddle Arch – Mongols, 13c. Gold Saddle, Front View – Mongols, 13c. The MONGOLS [“Golden Horde”].

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The MONGOLS Yuan DynastY

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  1. The MONGOLS Yuan DynastY

  2. Mongolian Steppes

  3. Xinjiang Region – Typical Uygher [Mongol] “Yurt”

  4. Mongol Invasions

  5. Mongol Warriors

  6. Mongol Archer

  7. Gold Saddle Arch – Mongols, 13c

  8. Gold Saddle, Front View – Mongols, 13c

  9. The MONGOLS [“Golden Horde”] • Temujin --> Genghis Khan [“Universal Ruler”] • 1162 - 1227 • from the steppe [dry, grass-covered plains of Central Asia]

  10. The MONGOLS [“Golden Horde”] • Genghis Khan’s Tax Laws: • If you do not pay homage, we will take your prosperity. • If you do not have prosperity, we will take your children. • If you do not have children, we will take your wife. • If you do not have a wife, we will take your head. • Used cruelty as a weapon --> some areas never recovered from Mongol destruction!

  11. Mongol Nobleman, late 13c

  12. Robe of a Mongol Nobleman, early 14c

  13. Yuan Golden Bowl, 13c

  14. The Extent of the Mongol Empire

  15. Yuan (Mongol) Dynasty, 1279-1368 C.E. • Kublai Khan [r. 1260-1294] • Pax Mongolica [“Mongol Peace”] • Tolerated Chinese culturebut lived apart from them.  • No Chinese in top govt. posts. • Believed foreigner were moretrustworthy. • Encouraged foreign trade & foreign merchants to live and work in China. • Marco Polo

  16. Marco Polo (1254-1324) • A Venetian merchant. • Traveled through YuanChina: 1271-1295 • “Black Stones” [coal] • Gunpowder. • Noodles.

  17. Marco Polo’s Travels

  18. Yuan Porcelains & Ceramics

  19. Yuan Dynasty, 1279-1368 C.E. • The Black Plague was spread by the Mongols in the mid-14c. • Sent fleets against Japan. • 1281 --> 150,000 warriors • Defeated by kamikazi [“winds of the gods”]  • Kublai Khan experienced several humiliating defeats in Southeast Asia late in his life.

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