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Properties and Changes in Matter

7-5.9 & 7-5.10. Properties and Changes in Matter. Physical Properties. A characteristic of a substance that can be observed and measured without changing it into a different substance Examples: odor, color, hardness, texture

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Properties and Changes in Matter

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  1. 7-5.9 & 7-5.10 Properties and Changes in Matter

  2. Physical Properties • A characteristic of a substance that can be observed and measured without changing it into a different substance • Examples: odor, color, hardness, texture • Properties do not change when you have different amounts of the substance

  3. Physical Properties • Melting point: temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid • The temperature at which a pure substance melts remains the same under constant conditions • Boiling point: temperature at which a liquid boils • Density: relationship between the mass of a material and its volume • Remains the same no matter what size sample you are working with

  4. Chemical Properties • Describes whether and how a substance will react with another specific substance • Ability to burn: ability of a substance to react with oxygen to produce light and heat • Ability to rust: ability to reacts slowly with oxygen

  5. Physical vs. Chemical Properties • How is a physical property different from a chemical property? • Physical property can be observed without changing the substance. Chemical property needs to change the substance to be observed.

  6. Physical Changes • A change that alters the physical properties of a substance without changing the composition of a substance • Examples: crushing an aluminum can changes its size and shape, but the composition is still the same • State of matter: the physical form in which matter exists • Solid, liquid, gas

  7. Chemical Changes • A change in matter that results in the formation of one or more new substances that have new chemical and physical properties • Atoms in matter are rearranged

  8. Signs of a Chemical Change • Change in color • When iron rusts, it turns a reddish-brown color • Temperature change • Temperature increases when wood is burned to form ash and gases • Formation of a precipitate • A solid substance that forms when two solutions are combined • Formation of a gas

  9. Physical vs. Chemical Changes • What is the difference between a physical change and a chemical change? • In a physical change, the substance is the same; in a chemical change, the substance is different.

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