First Aid

1. First Aid Singapore Red Cross Society Red Cross Youth

2. Action at Emergency • Emergency Action Plan • Primary Survey • Secondary Survey • Recovery Position

3. Emergency Action Plan • Check the scene • Call for help • Check and care for casualty • Primary survey • Secondary survey • Recovery position

4. Check the Scene • Any immediate danger • How to deal with danger ? • Should evacuate casualty ? • How many casualty ?

5. Call for Help • Get bystander to help • Number to call - 995 • Information to convey • Location • Nature of accident • Casualty’s condition

6. Primary Survey Check for life threatening emergencies • R Response level • Alert, Voice, Pain, Unconscious • A Airway open • Head tilt, chin lift/jaw thrust • B Breathing • Look, listen, feel in 3 to 5 sec • C Circulation • Pulse in 5 to 10 sec • H Haemorrhage – external, internal, shock

7. Secondary Survey • C Casualty’s complaint • H History • E Examine head to toe • C Compare opposite side • K Keep checking vital signs • Appearance, Breathing, Circulation, Response Level

8. Head Scalp, ears, eyes, nose, mouth Neck Shoulder and Collar bone Chest and Rib Cage Abdomen Pelvis Lower extremities Thigh, knees, lower leg, ankle, toes Upper extremities Arm, forearm, wrist, hand, fingers Back Spine Examine Head to Toe

9. Recovery position • For unconscious casualty after primary and secondary survey before arrival of medical aid • Prevent tongue from falling back, blocking the airway • Prevent choking by vomitus • Also known as three quarter prone position

10. Kneel on safe side of casualty Tuck near hand under thigh with palm facing up Far hand across chest Far leg cross near leg Grip far shoulder and hip Roll casualty towards you Spread casualty hand and leg Recovery position