1914-Present

1. 1914-Present By: Alyssa, Ben, Andre, Serena, Jeremy, Megan, Bache,Becca

2. Advantages and Disadvantages of Units of Analysis of Modern World • Examples: The modern world, the west, and the developing world • Biased answer-depends on where you are coming from • Third world countries • The West

3. Decolonization • Africa • Use of violence to break • away had to fight against • industrialized nations that • were far more militaristic • Were given freedom after • WWII because the • powers didn’t want to • control the colonies but • balance world power India Non-cooperation used nonviolent acts to protest Formed the Indian National Congress to push the British out Had different cultures with the area that had to work together because they had been forced together under colonization Broke into different states based on religion or culture after foreign rule left

4. Women’s Roles • China • Women gained the ability to oppose arranged marriages and were able to seek divorce if they wanted • There was no longer foot binding • They still did not receive equal wages • Confucian values still made male children more favorable

5. Global Wars and the Outside World • Reasons for being pulled in • Colonies • Financial Interest • Effects • Colonies gained enlightenment • New Superpowers emerged • Countries increased the size of standing arms

6. Colonialism and Patterns of Economic Development • World Powers controlled areas by either economic means or by military might. • They did so for: • Power • Prestige • Raw materials

7. Europe Extreme Racism & Fascism Domination of anyone thought beneath them It lead to the creation of new countries as the people wanted to be with their people Colonies Self determination to rule themselves National pride meant national sovereignty Not wanting to expand but just wanted to control their own destiny Nationalism

8. Indian Independence • The movement for Indian Independence was lead by Mohandas K. Gandhi. • He participated in a the salt march to show the British that they couldn’t oppress them with taxes. • He used strict non-violent methods to protest against India’s oppression from the British, who did use violence.

9. Global Wars • Wars brought all the regions of the world together against each other and caused mass destruction and the loss of millions of lives • New technology caused the development of new techniques of fighting such as trenches • Brought whole world involvement because of the entangling alliances

10. Political Transformations • Imperialistic nations lost position of world power as imperialism came to an end • New super powers emerged • United States • USSR • Boundaries of less powerful countries were rearranged by super powers

11. Totalitarian Regimes • Fascism- sought to regenerate the social, political, and cultural life of societies, especially in contrast to liberal democracy and socialism • Benito Mussolini in Italy • Adolf Hitler in Germany • Joseph Stalin in Soviet Union

12. Feminism • Returned home from work after WWII • The Second Sex, by Simone de Bouvoir • The Feminine Mystique by Betty Freidan • Women activists adopted language of Marxism and anticolonialism • Women gained voting rights starting in the 1910s

13. International Organizations • Greenpeace • ILO (International Labor Organizations) • League of Nations • United Nations • Red Cross • WHO (World Health Organization)

14. Genocides • Genocide: a coordinated plan to destroy an entire race or religious group by killing, or inflicting harm in any way • Holocaust • Armenian Genocide • Cambodian Genocide • Bosnian Genocide • Rwanda

15. Global Interactions in Cultural Arenas Bob Marley was one of many nationalistic thinkers in this era. He encouraged blacks to fight for freedom through his reggae music. The British Invasion, a phenomenon involving British bands, such as The Beatles and The Rolling Stones, lead to the youth starting to think for themselves politically. The Space Race was a race between the Soviet Union and the United States to try to go to space first. The Soviets were the first to send a man into space. However, the United States won the race to the moon with Apollo XI, in Neil Armstrong was able to walk on the moon, the first human to accomplish this.

16. New HistoricalEra • WWI was unlike any other because there was new technology being used and it involved countries all over the world • Instant communications worldwide • Women’s rights and equality was growing

17. Technological Advancements In WWI Machine guns became the standard weapon for soldiers for the first time. Poisonous gases were used, such as mustard and sarin gas. These gases, first used by the Germans, were eventually banned by The League of Nations as a violation of human rights. Naval superiority was a focal point of all participants of the War. There were new, super battleships called Dreadnoughts.

18. ResultsofWWI Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points outlined the rules that all countries should follow. Later, Adolf Hitler called the Germans signing of this document, The November Crimes. Stalin initiated the first of his Five Year Plans, which was made to jump start a rapid period of economic development in Russia.

19. Technological AdvancementsInWWII The atomic bomb was the biggest advancement of it’s time relating to warfare. Not only did people get killed from the explosion, but the bomb also spread radiation, which many people died from years later. Radiation is still present today. Much more air warfare was present during this era. The Germans excelled in this area with their Luftwaffe practicing Blitzkrieg, or lightning warfare. Naval battles also became more advanced than before. There were submarines, torpedoes, and missiles. These enabled naval battles to be fought without the ships ever seeing each other, and knowing where the other ships were because of radar.

20. Results of WWII The Marshall Plan was made by the U.S. government to help recover Europe after the war. It gave more than 13 billion dollars too help reconstruct Western Europe. The Warsaw Pact was made to counterbalance the effects of NATO, an organization that was made to try and limit the Soviets aggression. The United Nations was formed to create and keep world peace. It was officially made in San Francisco in 1945, and many nations agreed to it’s terms. The territories gained in the war were split up by the Allies, however there were many disagreements which eventually would lead to the Cold War. The Soviets took the eastern half of the territories, and everyone else split the western half.

21. Collapse of the Soviet Union • Brutal interventions caused people to be upset with the government • Gorbachev’s reforms were too quick for people to accept and the economy was having hardships • Communist countries rebelled against the USSR, creating their own nations

22. Global Economic Developments • During the roaring 20s, U.S. citizens invested heavily in the stock market • CRASH on Black Thursday, October 24, 1929 • Great Depression hit worldwide • Hyperinflation resulted in food shortages

23. Economic Plans • Marshal Plan • U.S. loaned money to European nations to buy U.S. goods • TO bolster economy of capitalist nations • Molotov Plan • USSR equivalent to the Marshal Plan • Promoted communist states

24. Women could work and support a family, but never gained full equality with men Increase in single parents (divorce) Gay and Lesbian couples Peasant Protest because they wanted equality. Generally resulted in Communist nations. Religious fundamentalism Social Reform and Revolutions

25. Demographic and Environmental Changes Migrations: caused by differences, and because differences among societies are widening, the potential for migration has increased Birth rates increased, death rates decreased Deforestation Green/ Environment movements

26. Cultural Convergence or Diversity • Cultural diversity is the best model for study because there are still some distinct differences. Cultures will never fully blend, therefore there will always be diversity.

27. Globalization of Science, Technology, and Culture • Barbie & Ken vs. Sara & Dara • Americanization = McDonaldization • Fast food chains exploded… waistlines • Pan-American culture: Spanglish, Franglais, Latino MTV • Specialized products from different countries KABOOMED

28. Th… th… th… that’s all folks.