UNIT 1: NEED TO KNOW STANDARDS FOR US HISTORY

1. UNIT 1: NEED TO KNOW STANDARDS FOR US HISTORY Students must master these standards to perform well on unit exams, the GHSGT in Social Studies and the EOCT.

2. SSUSH3 The student will explain the primary causes of the American Revolution 9. Explain how the end of Anglo-French imperial competition as seen in the French and Indian War and the 1763 Treaty of Paris laid the groundwork for the American Revolution. 10. Explain colonial response to such British actions as the Proclamation of 1763, the Stamp Act, and the Intolerable Acts as seen in Sons and Daughters of Liberty and Committees of Correspondence. 11. Explain the importance of Thomas Paine’s Common Sense to the movement for independence

3. Over what and between whom was the French and Indian War fought?

4. The war was between the British and the American colonists against the French and their Native American allies. The British believed the French caused the French and Indian war by building forts along the Ohio River valley. The French did this to stop the westward spread of the British colonies. The British sent Colonel George Washington with a small colonial militia to fight the French at Fort Duquesne (modern day Pittsburg). After a small initial victory, Washington’s troops had to surrender to the stronger more organized French and their Iroquois allies.

5. Who won the French and Indian War?

6. By 1758 the British were able to win several battles. The French at Quebec and Montreal surrendered. Both the French and the British decided the war was too costly to continue and called for a peaceful settlement.

7. What was the treaty that ended the French and Indian War?

8. The Treaty of Paris 1763

9. What were the terms of the Treaty of Paris 1763?

10. By the Peace of Paris 1763 the French left North America and gave the British unchallenged control of North America.

11. How did the relationship between the British and the American colonists change because of the French and Indian War?

12. The British had a low opinion of the colonists military abilities, they thought that the colonists were not contributing their share of men and money for military protection and unwilling to protect the interests of the British empire. The colonists were proud of their military efforts and not impressed with the British efforts. The British decided to keep military troops in the colonies and force the colonists to pay for them and give them shelter and food. This established a more hostile relationship between the two.

13. What was the Proclamation of 1763 and how did the American colonists feel about it?

14. The Proclamation of 1763 was issued by the British to try and avoid continuing confrontations with the Native Americans. It forbade the colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains. A “line” was established that the colonists were not supposed to cross – The Proclamation Line of 1763. But of course this was difficult to enforce and the colonists continued to move westward.

15. What was the Stamp Act?

16. British legislation passed in 1765 that required the American colonists to purchase special stamped paper for almost everything that had to be written – licenses, newspapers, legal documents, pamphlets, even playing cards. This taxed virtually every colonist.

17. How did the colonists react to the Stamp Act?

18. The colonists reacted with fury and indignation. They called for a Stamp Act Congress in New York in 1765 where they declared that only their own elected colonial representatives had the legal authority to approve taxes. The Sons and Daughters of Liberty, a secret society organized to intimidate tax agents and many times tarred and feathered revenue officials and destroyed revenue stamps. Colonial Committees of Correspondence formed to exchange information between the colonies about protests and boycotts of British goods in an attempt to organize colonial resistance to the British.

19. What did the Sons of Liberty do in protest against the Tea Act which allowed British tea sellers to sell tea without paying taxes, but did not give the American tea sellers the same right?

20. They were responsible for the Boston Tea Party, where Sons of Liberty dressed as Indians, boarded British ships in the Boston harbor and dumped 342 chests of tea into the harbor.

21. What did the British do to punish the American colonists for the Boston Tea Party?

22. In 1774, in response to the Boston Tea Party, the British introduced the Coercive Acts. These acts were called the Intolerable Acts by the colonists and included the closing of the Boston Harbor and an expansion of the Quartering Act that made colonists for responsible for housing British soldiers in their homes.

23. Explain the importance of Thomas Paine’s pamphlet Common Sense.

24. In January 1776, Englishman Thomas Paine who had recently immigrated to the colonies, published a pamphlet that had profound impact on public opinion in the colonies. Up until this point, independence had been considered a radical idea. Entitled Common Sense, Paine argued in his pamphlet that the colonies should become independent and break all ties with the British monarchy. Paine said a small island should not rule a large continent and that people should not pledge their support to a corrupt king whose laws were unreasonable. 50,000 copies of this pamphlet were printed and distributed and the idea of independence gained greater support across the colonies.