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Forestry

Forestry. By will wade State E nvirothon Study Guide. Species characteristic of Georgia’s Ecosystems. The four areas of Georgia's ecosystems include ….. Mountains Piedmont Upper coastal Lower coastal. Mountains.

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Forestry

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  1. Forestry By will wade State Envirothon Study Guide

  2. Species characteristic of Georgia’s Ecosystems. The four areas of Georgia's ecosystems include ….. Mountains Piedmont Upper coastal Lower coastal

  3. Mountains • This physiographic province is commonly called the Appalachian Highlands or the Blue Ridge province. This area was formed by faulting and uplifting of resistant, crystalline bedrock. • Elevation ranges from 1,000 to over 6,000 ft. above sea level. Georgia’s highest peak is only 4,784 ft. • Soil here is moderately deep and medium textured and has adequate moisture for vegetation growth through out the year • The vegetation is oak-pine and oak-hickory broadleaf forest.

  4. Trees found within the north Georgia province.

  5. Black Locust Robiniapseudoacacia

  6. Chestnut Oak Quercusprinus

  7. Eastern Hemlock Pinus strobes

  8. Eastern White Pine Tsugacanadensis

  9. Northern Red Oak Quercusrubra

  10. Post Oak Quercusstellata

  11. Red Maple Acer rubrum

  12. Scarlet Oak Quercuscoccinea

  13. Shortleaf Pine Pinusechinata

  14. Sourwood Oxydendrumaboretum

  15. Virginia Pine Pinusvirginiana

  16. White Basswood Tiliaheterophylla

  17. White Oak Quercus alba

  18. Yellow Buckeye Aesculusoctandra

  19. Yellow Poplar Liriodendron tulipifera

  20. Piedmont Region

  21. Piedmont Region • The piedmont region consists of irregular plains. High and low hills make up only 30% of the area and its elevation ranges from 330 to 1,300 ft. • Soil is generally deep, with clay or loam subsoil. • Severe erosion in many areas are past intensive agricultural practices, especially for cotton production.

  22. Trees in the Piedmont Region

  23. American Holly Illexopaca

  24. American Sycamore Platanusoccidentalis

  25. Black Cherry Prunusserotina

  26. Black Locust Robinia pseudoacacia

  27. Flowering Dogwood Cornusflorida

  28. Loblolly Pine PinusTaeda

  29. Mockernut hickory Caryatomentosa

  30. Pignut hickory Caryaglabra

  31. Post Oak Quercusstellata

  32. River Birch Betulanigra

  33. Sassafras Sassafras albidum

  34. Shortleaf Pine Pinusechinata

  35. Southern Red Oak Quercus falcate

  36. Sourwood Oxydendrumaboretum

  37. Sweetgum Liquidambar arboretum

  38. Winged Elm Ulmusalata

  39. Forestry Tools

  40. clinometer Used to measure the angle of a tree from 66ft away

  41. Diameter tape Used at breast height (approximately 4 ft.) to measure the diameter of a tree

  42. Increment borer Used to measure the age of a tree

  43. Georgia Forestry Commision

  44. History • Timber was quickly recognized as a great source of revenue. The 1870 census showed that timber was already becoming a profitable industry for Georgia with the annual timber value rising from $2.4 million to more than $4.0 million in that decade. By 1880, Georgia ranked first in the South in total lumber production and was second only to North Carolina in number of sawmills. A 1901 Georgia Department of Agriculture Report revealed that pine timberland, which could be bought for 50 cents to $1.50 an acre a few years before, was now selling for no less than $4.00 to $8.00 an acre. 1

  45. History Cont. • In accordance with the Forestry Act of 1921. The Board made its report to the 1922 General AssemblyThe report focused on the economic importance of forests to Georgia and potential threats posed by a lack of conservation practices. Statistics revealed less than one-twentieth of the original virgin forests of the State remained. Wood-using industries rapidly became dependent on second growth timber or lumber imported from other states.

  46. Tree Diseases and Pests

  47. Diseases

  48. . American Chestnut Blight • Chestnut blight is a fungus that has virtually wiped out the American chestnut, as a commercial species, from eastern hardwood forests. Although roots from trees cut or killed many years ago continue to produce sprouts that survive to the sapling stage before being killed, there is no indication that a cure for this disease will be found. The fungus is widespread and continues to survive as a nonlethal parasite on chinkapin, Spanish chestnut, and post oak.

  49. Amillaria Root Rot • The disease attacks hardwoods and softwoods and kills shrubs, vines, and forbs in every state. It is pervasive in North America, commercially destructive, a major cause of oak decline. The Armillaria sp. can kill trees that are already weakened by competition, other pests, or climatic factors. The fungi also infect healthy trees, either killing them outright or predisposing them to attacks by other fungi or insects.

  50. Beech Bark Disease • Beech bark disease causes significant mortality and defect in American beech, Fagusgrandifolia (Ehrh.). The disease results when bark, attacked and altered by the beech scale, Cryptococcus fagisuga Lind., is invaded and killed by fungi, primarily Nectriacoccinea var. faginata.

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