Chile

1. Blue skies Snow of Andes Chile By: Grace Williams Blood of the patriots who fought for independence

2. Indigenous People • The Mapuche people are 95% of the indigenous people in Chile. • Mapuche people can also be called Araucanian people. • Many of the Mapuche people lived in Santiago • The Mapuche people that lived in Santiago were called “urban Mapuche. • 7.1% of the indigenous people are called Aymara. • Many of the indigenous people were in poverty and are 10% more likely to be in poverty then non indigenous people

3. Timeline: • 1541- Pedro de Valdivia founded Santiago, Chile • 1553- Araucanians captured and kiled Valdivia • 1608- A Spanish law allows people to have Chilean indigenous slaves • 1618- San Francisco Church was finished in Santiago • 1730- 8.7 earthquake killed 3,000 people in Valparasio • 1778- Bernado O’ Higgins was born and won independent for Chile • 1818- Chile becomes independent • 1896- ErlandNordenskiold was a Swedish scientist that explored the Milodon Cave, which is in Patagonia, Chile • 1906- Another earthquake happened in Valparasio. It was and 8.6 earthquake that killed 2,000 poeple • 1970- Salvador Allende becomes first president that is a socialist president and was Maxist • 2010- 33 miners were trapped underground for 69 days

4. Climate and Geography: • Ojos del Salado is 22,560 feet above sea level. It is the highest point in Chile. • Ojos del Salado is the world’s highest active volcano, but it had no historic eruptions.

5. Leaders and Government: • Chile is a republic so the people control the government. • They struggled to build a democracy. • Augusto Pinochet ended the democratic rule, but when he left Chile worked to restore democracy and freedom. • Michelle Bachelet was the first president in Chile and the current president is Sebastian PiñeraEcheñique.

6. Unique Plants & Animals: • Vizcachas live in many parts of Chile and can protect there burrows for several generations. • Vizcachas are very famous in the Northern part of Chile. • Chile’s national flower is the Copihue. It grows on vines in Chile’s forests. It is the national flower because of its shape, it makes fruit, and the root can be used for medicine. • There national animal is a Huemul. It’s a deer that lives in the Southern mountains. They are there national animal because they want to save their species. They are becoming endangered because people hunt them. Only 2,000 huemuls are in the southern Andes.

7. Sports: • In northern Chile, sand boarding has become very popular. People in Chile like to snowboard, but since there is more sand they made sand boarding. • You stand on a hay rug and you have to balance while going down a big sand dune. • In 1962 rodeo was named Chile’s national sport. • Rancagua is the location for the National Rodeo Arena. The championship takes place there every once a year.

8. Dance and Food: DANCE: • There national dance is the Cueca. It is a dance that is like the chicken or rooster. • They wave the handkerchief in the air and it symbolizes the chicken’s or rooster’s feathers. • They dance in circles and the partners move away and come back to each other. FOOD: • When the Spanish came to Chile in 1541 they brought wonderful food. • Chile gained grapes, olives, wheat, sugar, and rice. • The Spanish also brought sheep, pigs, and dairy products. • Chile is also famous for tea with milk (Té con Leche).

9. Art: • Chile has many talented visual artists. • In the city you see murals. The mural is a large, colorful painting that is on buildings and walls. • The scenes are from everyday life or more comic looking. Both are beautiful. • Artist in Chile are also famous for making baskets, jewelry, and sculptures out of a native blue stone called lapis lazuli.

10. Tourist Attractions: • San Rafael Glacier is located in Laguna San Rafael. It’s a giant glacier that is only approachable by boat or plane. It is a very popular site, but it’s very hard to see. • Cerro San Cristóbalis a hill in Santiago, Chile. It is a tourist attraction because the beautiful view. As you ride the cable car you can overlook the Andes Mountains. • Pucόn is a small tourist town. It’s on a dock above a beautiful lake. It is very popular because there are many sports and activities that you can do in Pucόn. You can water ski, kayak, raft and horseback ride.

11. Tourist Attraction Pictures: • San Rafael Glacier • Pucόn • Cerro San Cristóbal

12. Famous People: Alberto Hurtado was named a saint in 2005. he raised money to build homes for children and poor men and women. He was a priest in Chile and dedicated himself to less fortunate people. He did lots of god work for people in Chile, but sadly died in 1952.

13. Famous People: Gabriela Mistral published her first major book of poems in the 1920s. She published them in New York, but some of the poems in the book was dedicated and made in Chile. In 1945, she got the Nobel Prize for Literature. She was the first Latin American woman to get that great of honor. Gabriela Mistral also helped the career of Pablo Neruda, a Chilean poet. She taught him everything she learned and was the cause of Pablo Neruda winning the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1971. They both wrote some of their poems about the struggles people faced in Chile to improve their lives.

14. Sources: • http://indigenousnews.org/indigenous-peoples/chile/ • http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/1222905.stm • http://www.timelinesdb.com/listevents.php?subjid=52&title=Chile • http://www.touropia.com/tourist-attractions-in-chile/ • http://www.joeskitchen.com/chile/2007/08/24/chiles-national-dance-the-cueca/ • http://www.foodbycountry.com/Algeria-to-France/Chile.html • http://volcano.oregonstate.edu/vwdocs/volc_images/south_america/chile/OjosdelSalado.html BOOK SOURCE: Title: Chile Author: Michael Burgan

15. Cueca Dance: • http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=7ulsSNC69UA

16. THE END!! 