Industrial Revolution

1. Industrial Revolution

2. Industrial Revolution • Definition: The shift of an economy from mostly agriculture to mostly industry

3. Economy Prior to Industrial Revo • Cottage Industry= Small home based production by the individual or small group

4. Illustrated Notes • “Cottage Industry”

5. Econ. after Ind. Revo • Factory System= a large number of workers working under one roofwhoare responsible for one aspect of making a product

6. Illustrated Notes • “Textile Industry” • “Factory System”

7. Key Terms • Capital = Money that can be invested

8. Key Terms • Entrepreneurs = People who look for new businesses to invest in to make a profit

9. Key Terms • Mass Production = the making of a large number of goods, usually using an assembly line

10. Illustrated Notes • “Mass Production”

11. Key Terms • Spinning Jenny = Could make string at a high rate of speed, thus cloth could be made quicker

12. Key Terms • Steam Engine = Invented by John Watt. It could run off steam produced by coal. • Impact: factories did not have to be by a river

13. Why did this start in Britain? • Illustrated notes • “Great Britain 1780’s”

14. Causes of the Ind. RevoNew vs. Old • OLD WAY • Factories • Used animals and water mills for power • Iron • Impure and weak • Coal • Hard to mine • Transportation • Animals, slow sailing, bad roads • NEW WAY • Factories • Used steam engines which increased production • Iron • More pure and strong • Coal • Easier to mine • Transportation • Steam Engine = Railroads, steam ships = fast • Asphalt roads = fast

15. Illustrated Notes • “Transportation”

16. Social Impact of Industrial Revo • Factories • Need to run at a constant rate 24/7 • Lights allowed this • Harsh rules to make people work FAST and EFFICIENTLY • On farms you worked fast and slow depending on season

17. Social Impact • Population grew, death rates fell • People ate better & no wars • Cities grew • ENCLOSURE MOVEMENT-Laws passed in Brit that allowed land owners to fence off “common land” forcing peasants to cities to find factory work

18. Social Impact • Industrial Capitalism= economy based on industrial production • New middle class who could afford products • Working class who worked 12-16 hrs/day, 6 days a week, no breaks in harsh conditions

19. Social Impact • Children worked due to cheap and small • Factories very dangerous with poor conditions • Crowded dirty cities w/ poor living conditions

20. Capitalism vs. Socialism vs. Communism • The “situation” • Individuals own all the means of production • This results in massive competition between people for money and power • This is Capitalism • The “Problem:” • Only a few people succeed, the rest work hard and get nowhere

21. Solutions • “Socialism” = the society and government own & control the means of production. • This creates cooperation vs. competition • People work together to get rich as a team • “Communism” = Like socialism but govt owns and controls everything

22. “The Communist Manifesto” • Writen by Marx and Engels • Blamed capitalism for horrid working conditions

23. “The Communist Manifesto” • IDEA: • History tells us that OPPRESSORS own means of production, thus controls govt and society while OPPRESSED depend on owners and only can sell labor

24. Bourgeoisie • Oppressors

25. Proletariat • Oppressed

26. Struggle • Struggle between the two will lead to revolution where the proletariat overthrows the Bourgeoisie • They will create a dictatorship and get ride of classes and take over production • Creating a classless society where everyone is equal