Anatomical Muscle Movements

1. Anatomical Muscle Movements

2. Body Planes Saggital Plane Frontal Plane Transverse Plane

4. (Caudad) (Cranial)

5. Types of Body Movements

6. Flexion and Extension, Hyperextension • FLEXION – decreases the angle of a joint bringing two body segments closer together • EXTENSION – increases the angle of a joint bringing two body segments farther from each other • HYPEREXTENSION – extension greater than 180 degrees Ex. elbow

7. Abduction and Adduction • ABDUCTION – movement of a body part away from the midline ex. hand, arm • ADDUCTION - movement of the body part back toward midline

8. Rotation • MEDIAL (INTERNAL) ROTATION – rotation of the joint medially or towards the midline ex. shoulder • LATERAL (EXTERNAL) ROTATION – rotation of the joint laterally or away from the midline

9. Circumduction • Combination of the actions of flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction, in that order

10. Special Body Movements

11. Dorsiflexion and Plantar Flexion • DORSIFLEXION – pointing the sole of the foot upwards • PLANTAR FLEXION – pointing the sole of the foot downwards

12. Eversion and Inversion • INVERSION – turning the sole of the foot inward, towards the opposite foot • EVERSION – turning the sole of the foot outward, away from the midline

13. Supination and Pronation • PRONATION – radius is crossed over the ulna away from anatomical position • SUPINATION – radius is uncrossed and hand returns to anatomical position with palms out

14. Opposition and Reposition • OPPOSITION – thumb and other fingers touch fingertips • REPOSITION – thumb and fingers are returned to anatomical position

15. Elevation and Depression • ELEVATION – body part raised to a superior level ex. shrugging, chin • DEPRESSION – pulling down the body part to a more inferior position

16. Protraction and Retraction • PROTRACTION – moving a part forward • RETRACTION – moving a part back