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Matter. anything that has mass and takes up space. Atom. the basic unit of matter: It is the smallest part of an element that has the chemical properties of that element. It can not be broken down by a chemical change. Electron.
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Matter • anything that has mass and takes up space
Atom • the basic unit of matter: It is the smallest part of an element that has the chemical properties of that element. • It can not be broken down by a chemical change.
Electron • a negatively charge particle found outside the nucleus in a region called the electron cloud.
Proton • the positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom.
Neutron • a particle in the nucleus that has is neutral (no charge). • It has the same mass as proton.
Nucleus • the center of the atom containing the protons & neutrons.
Element • a type of matter made of only one type of atom that have the identical number of protons in their nucleus
Compound • A type of matter made up of elements that are chemically combined to form a new material with different properties from the original elements. • The elements can not be separated by physical means.
Mixture • A type of matter made up of two or more substances that are not chemically combined.
Atomic Mass or Weight • number of protons & neutrons found in the nucleus of an atom
Atomic Number • the number of protons in the nucleus
Physical Properties • the characteristics that can be observed without chemically changing the substance.
Chemical Properties • the characteristic that describes a how a substance will react with another substance, such as exploding when exposed to oxygen.
Physical Change • This occurs when the physical properties of a substances changes, but no new substance is formed. • Examples = evaporating, melting, freezing, sublimating.
Chemical Change • This occurs when a chemical reaction takes place. • The atoms are rearranged to form new substances with new physical and chemical properties.
Density • The amount of matter (mass) in a given amount of space (volume). • It is calculated by dividing mass by volume.
Boiling Point • a physical property that identifies the temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas.
Melting Point • a physical property that identifies the temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid. • This is the same temperature as the freezing point, in which a liquid changes to a solid.
Law of Conservation of Matter • Matter (mass) is not created nor destroyed in an ordinary chemical reaction.
State or Phase of Matter • a physical property that describes matter as a solid, liquid, or gas. • Matter changes states when either heat is added or taken away.