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MATTER

MATTER. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES. SOLID. Has a fixed shape & volume. Particles are tightly compact. Each particle has its fixed place. Particles can vibrate but cannot move freely. Cannot be compressed. Lowest energy state of matter. LIQUID. Fixed volume Changeable shape.

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MATTER

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  1. MATTER PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

  2. SOLID • Has a fixed shape & volume. • Particles are tightly compact. • Each particle has its fixed place. • Particles can vibrate but cannot move freely. • Cannot be compressed. • Lowest energy state of matter.

  3. LIQUID • Fixed volume • Changeable shape. • Take the shape of the container. • Particles are compact enough to keep the volume but free enough to change the shape. • Like solids, liquids can not be compressed. • Moderate energy state of matter.

  4. GAS • No definite shape & Volume. • Particles can easily spread out or move closely together. • Take the shape of the container. • Can be compressed. • Example: in a bicycle tire. • High energy state of matter.

  5. Changes of States in Matter

  6. What Causes State Changes?

  7. Physical properties of matter Density: • The amount of matter in a given volume. • Density = mass/volume • Is unique for every substance. • Does not depend or vary with the size of the sample. • Is always constant.

  8. Physical properties of matter Melting point: • Is the temperature at which a substance changes its state from solid to liquid. • Is unique for every substance. • Is not affected by the size of the sample.

  9. Physical properties of matter Texture: • How a substance feels or looks. • Also, the size, shape, & pattern of a rock’s grain • Sand paper is rough. • Glass is smooth.

  10. Physical properties of matter Conductivity: • Ability of a substance to allow heat and electricity to flow through it. • Metals like iron & copper are good conductors and rubber is not.

  11. Physical properties of matter Luster: • The way a substance reflects light. • Dull, earthy, metallic, greasy, pearly, glassy, & silky are words used to describe the luster of substances.

  12. Physical properties of matter Malleability: • Ability of a substance to be hammered/ pounded into sheets. • Most metals like silver, lead, and copper, are highly malleable.

  13. Physical properties of matter Hardness: • Ability of a substance to resist scratching or get scratched easily. • Is measured on the Mohs Hardness Scale. • Talc is the softest and diamond is the hardest substance 0n the Mohs hardness scale.

  14. Physical properties of matter Ductility: • Ability of a substance to be drawn into wires. • Metals like aluminum & copper can be easily drawn into wires & are used in electrical cords.

  15. STREAK • Color of a mineral in it powdered form. • Can be obtained by rubbing the mineral across a streak plate-- a piece of unglazed porcelain tile. • Example: hematite always gives a reddish brown streak no matter what type of luster it displays.

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