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Muscular System

Explore the functions, types, and structures of the muscular system, including voluntary and involuntary movements, protection of internal organs, three types of muscle tissues (skeletal, cardiac, smooth), skeletal muscle structure, myofibrils, connective tissue covering, muscle fatigue, and more in this comprehensive guide.

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Muscular System

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  1. Muscular System

  2. Functions of the muscular system • Voluntary movement • Involuntary movement • Protection of internal organs

  3. Three types of muscle tissue • Skeletal muscle tissue is attached to bones and causes movements of the body. • Also called striated muscle or voluntary muscle

  4. Three types of muscle tissue • Cardiac muscle is responsible for the rhythmic contractions of the heart. • Cardiac muscle is involuntary = it generates its own stimuli to initiate muscle contraction.

  5. Three types of muscle tissue • Smooth muscle lines the walls of hollow organs. (ie: blood vessels and the digestive tract) • Smooth muscle contraction is relatively slow and involuntary

  6. Structure of the Skeletal Muscle • Fascia • Covering of muscle • Become tendons (only in skeletal muscle)

  7. Structure of the Skeletal Muscle • Myofibrils • Muscle fibers • Contraction • In all muscle types

  8. Structure of the muscle • Two key filaments that make up myofibrils • 1. Actin is a thin filament involved in contraction. • 2. Myosin is a thick filament involved in contraction

  9. Connective tissue covering of skeletal muscle

  10. Muscle Fatigue

  11. Oxygen Debt • Oxygen debt is defined as the extra amount of oxygen that must be taken in by the body for cellular processes, and it represents the difference between the amount of oxygen needed for totally aerobic muscle activity and the amount actually used.

  12. Peristalsis Myopathy RICE (acronym) Muscle tone Isotonic contractions Isometric contractions ATP Anaerobic glycolysis (anaerobic respiration) Aerobic respiration Rigor mortis Origin (attachment) Insertion (attachment) Muscular system vocabulary

  13. Diseases/conditions • Myasthenia gravis • Disuse atrophy • Duchenne Muscular dystrophy (DMD) • Hernia • Myofascial pain syndrome • Spasm • Cramp • Strain • tetanus

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