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Immune System

Immune System. Immune System. Pathogens are disease-producing agents, such as bacteria and viruses. CUTS AND PUNCTURES. How do pathogens get into the body?. Openings. EYE. NOSE. MOUTH. Immune System. Disease can be transmitted to humans in various ways:. Insects.

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Immune System

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  1. Immune System

  2. Immune System Pathogens are disease-producing agents, such as bacteria and viruses. CUTS AND PUNCTURES How do pathogens get into the body? Openings EYE NOSE MOUTH

  3. Immune System Disease can be transmitted to humans in various ways: Insects Common inanimate objects Airborne droplets or dust particles

  4. Immune System And of course… Touch

  5. Viruses Bacteria Vaccines Antibiotics Immune System What causes disease? Treatment for disease?

  6. Immune System Two Types of Immunity: Innate Immunity- earliest line of defense, nonspecific Acquired Immunity- defends against specific pathogens by gradually building up resistance

  7. Innate Immunity

  8. Innate Immunity Skin is your first line of defense. Body secretions (mucus, oil, sweat, tears, and saliva) provide protection from pathogens.

  9. Innate Immunity • If a pathogen gets past your skin, the next step is inflammation of the tissues. • Redness, Swelling, Pain, and Heat are all part of the immune response to rid your body of harmful agents. • White blood cells rush to the scene of the accident to prevent the spread of the pathogen. You can own your own Red Blood Cell & White Blood Cell…. Call now! Supplies are limited!

  10. Innate Immunity Pus is a collection of living and dead white blood cells, and pathogens. The pus will continue to form until the infection has ended. Once over, the pus will be cleared away by macrophages (a type of white blood cell).

  11. Acquired Immunity

  12. Acquired Immunity • Over time, your body builds up its resistance to pathogens. • Prior to birth and through nursing, a mother passes immunity to her child. • After you are exposed to pathogens, your body records and remembers it. • This process could take days or weeks. T Cell

  13. Acquired Immunity • Lymphatic System- is a series of organs and vessels that transport fluid (lymph) around your body. • This system is important to maintaining homeostasis AND immunity in your body.

  14. Acquired Immunity Parts of the Lymphatic System: • Lymph nodes • Tonsils • Thymus • Spleen • Appendix • Adenoids • Lymph Vessels • Lymph Fluid • Lymphocytes

  15. White Blood Cells

  16. White Blood Cells • White Blood Cells (WBC): • Large • several different types • all contain nuclei • defend the body against disease • transported by veins/arteries

  17. White Blood Cells • WBCs are created in the bone marrow • found in your: • Humerus • Femur • Sternum • Ribs • Vertebrae • Pelvis

  18. White Blood Cells Think of bone marrow as the cream filling of aTwinkie!

  19. Phagocytes (Fay- go- sites) - white blood cells that engulf pathogens Examples: Macrophage, Monocytes, Neutrophil Not all WBCs are phagocytes many of them release histamines to help your body fight the infection (Basophil & Eosinophil) Lymphocytes (Limb-fo-sites)- help develop immunity to specific pathogens Examples: B cells & T cells found in blood, spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, tonsils & appendix White Blood Cells Innate Immunity: Acquired Immunity:

  20. B lymphocytes or B cells – seek out pathogens and send antibodies (markers) to lock onto them . T lymphocytesor T cells – T cells are like the soldiers, destroying the marked invaders White Blood Cells

  21. Immune SystemQUIZ

  22. 1. What is a pathogen?

  23. 2. How do pathogens enter the body?

  24. 3. What type of cell engulfs pathogens?

  25. 4. What system is responsible for acquired immunity?

  26. 5. What is the difference between a B cell & a T cell?

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