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Industrial Revolution

Industrial Revolution. Definition: greatly increased output of machine-made goods that began in England in the 18 th century. Textile: A cloth, especially one manufactured by weaving or knitting; a fabric. Began in England, spread to western world. Agricultural Beginnings.

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Industrial Revolution

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  1. Industrial Revolution • Definition: greatly increased output of machine-made goods that began in England in the 18th century. • Textile: A cloth, especially one manufactured by weaving or knitting; a fabric. • Began in England, spread to western world

  2. Agricultural Beginnings • Large enclosures forced new technology and did what to peasants? • JethroTull and Seed Drill • Crop Rotation / Breeding led to more available food/resources. Leads to…?

  3. Watt and steam engine led to canals, shipping, etc. Coal as a power source Smelting and Darby family. New Technologies Spur Innovation

  4. Advantages of Britain Large population (pop. Increase) Nat. Resources=coal, iron, H2O, rivers, harbors Factors of Production Land, Labor, Capital Britain

  5. Questions • In what ways did geographical features assist industrial progress in England? • In what ways did humans change their environment for industrial progress? • Which natural characteristics were most important for the industrial revolution?

  6. 19.3 Social Impacts of Revolution

  7. Impact on society… • Population boom: • (1750) European pop: 140 million • (1850) European pop: 266 million • Urbanization…growth of cities • (1800) London: 1 million • (1850) London:2.5 million

  8. Government non-interaction Garbage, police, crowding, tenements. Life span, medical problems. Unions impossible, Luddites popular. Living

  9. Effects of Industrialization • Negative: Urbanization created new problems • Over crowding, unsanitary, unsafe, lack of hospitals, fire and police departments • Dangerous working conditions, low pay • Women and children join the workforce • Formation of labor unions/socialism (illegal at first) • Positive (long term) • Horizons widened, opportunities increase • Eventually legislation to protect workers

  10. New Classes Emerge • Industrial middle class • Entrepreneurs and skilled artisans • Women able to stay home and children get an education • Pleasant neighborhoods • Industrial working class • Women and children sent to work • Lived in slums and new tenements • No running water or sanitation system led to the spread of disease

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