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1. Introduction and understanding What does the word diction mean? The choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing What is meant by figurative language? Figurative languages uses tools such as simile and metaphors to describe something But there are others that need to be included...
2. Simile Uses the words “like” or “as” to compare one object or idea with another to suggest they are alike. Example: busy as a bee
3. Metaphor The metaphor states a fact or draws a verbal picture by the use of comparison.A simile would say you are like something; a metaphor is more positive - it says you are something. Example: You are what you eat.
4. Personification A figure of speech in which human characteristics are given to an animal or an object. Example: My teddy bear gave me a hug.
5. Alliteration The repetition of the same initial letter, sound, or group of sounds in a series of words.Alliteration includes tongue twisters. Example: She sells seashells by the seashore.
6. Onomatopoeia The use of a word to describe or imitate a natural sound or the sound made by an object or an action. Example: snap crackle pop
7. Hyperbole An exaggeration that is so dramatic that no one would believe the statement is true.Tall tales are hyperboles. Example: He was so hungry, he ate that whole cornfield for lunch, stalks and all.
8. Clichés A cliché is an expression that has been used so often that it has become trite and sometimes boring. Example: Many hands make light work. Reference: http://languagearts.mrdonn.org/figurative.html
9. Subjective Definition of subjective adjective based on or influenced by personal feelings, tastes, or opinions: - his views are highly subjective there is always the danger of making a subjective judgement. Oxford Dictionary
10. Objective Definition of objective adjective 1. (of a person or their judgement) not influenced by personal feelings or opinions in considering and representing facts: historians try to be objective and impartial Oxford Dictionary
11. Bias Bias means that a statement or question shows a preference for or against an idea, an object, or a person. For example, suppose you read the following statement: “Our country should lead the way in the exploration of Mars. We have the means, the knowledge, the heart, and the obligation to study Mars for the good of all mankind.”
12. In the statement, the speaker’s words: “Our country should lead the way” appeal to the listener’s patriotism; “means, knowledge, heart, and obligation” appeal to pride; “for the good of all mankind” give the impression that our country should save the world. The speaker’s personal bias is very evident; he proudly asserts that our country has the ability and the obligation to study Mars for the good of the world. You might agree or disagree with him, but his statements are not backed by facts.
13. Reporting that is biased is not a reliable source of information. How can you recognize bias in something that you read or hear? Ask yourself questions about the source of the information. Ask whether there is an attempt to get you to come to conclusions that are not supported by facts. Examples of the kind of questions that help you look for bias are: • Is there additional information that should have been included? • Is the author expressing opinions without any evidence? • Does the wording create a positive or negative impression? • If the words, but not the information, were changed, would my impression change? • What additional information would I need to formulate my response?
14. Denotation and Connotation Denotationrefers to the literal meaning of a word, the "dictionary definition."¨ For example, if you look up the word snake in a dictionary, you will discover that one of its denotative meanings is "any of numerous scaly, legless, sometimes venomous reptiles” Connotation, on the other hand, refers to the associations that are connected to a certain word or the emotional suggestions related to that word. Theconnotative meanings of a word exist together with the denotative meanings. The connotations for the word snake could include evil or danger. http://www.eng.fju.edu.tw/English_Literature/terms/denotation.htm
15. Team Quiz Lets test your figurative language knowledge...
16. True or False An example of a simile is: "I really do like ice Cream” 1 pt False "The fog crept on little cat feet" is an example of a metaphor. 1pt True This is the giving of human qualities to non-human things. 2pts • hyperbole • personification • simile • idiom • onomatopoeia Answer personification
17. "Her hair is as shiny as ebony" is an example of a metaphor. 1pt False An example of alliteration is: "Silently, softly the swans swam on the lake.“ 1pt True Alliteration is the repetition of consonant sounds at the Beginning of words 1pt True Personification is the name given to the term which describes giving non-living entities the qualities of a living thing. 1pt True Onomatopoeia is word that sounds like what it means 1pt True Personification is when you make a strong exaggeration. 1pt False
18. A,B,C or D? 1. I was so hungry that I even ate the plate. What type of figurative language is used in this sentence? 2pts A) hyperboleB) metaphorC) personificationD) simile Answer: A 2. My father was the sun and the moon to me. What type of figurative language is used in this sentence? A) metaphorB) simileC) hyperboleD) personification Answer: A
19. 3. The rain seemed like an old friend who had finally found us. What type of figurative language is used in this sentence? 2pts A) onomatopoeiaB) metaphorC) personificationD) simile Answer: D 4. "Smash", when the cup fell off the table. What type of figurative language is used in this sentence? 2pts A) personificationB) metaphorC) onomatopoeiaD) hyperbole Answer: C 5. He was a library of information about baseball. What type of figurative language is used in this sentence? 2pts A) metaphorB) personificationC) simileD) hyperbole Answer: A