Chapter 4 Review

1. Chapter 4 Review L’Imparfait et le passé composé Le verbevenir Les pépositionsgéographiques

2. Le passé composé • To say what happened in the past: I went to the cinema • To talk about an action that is finished: it rained but now it’s sunny • To talk about an action that you did on a specific date: I played a match on Sunday • To talk about an action that happened once: he fell • To mention a sudden event: suddenly, the music stopped • It can be compared to the click of a camera

3. Think… • Main action • Interruption • Completed action • End or beginning

4. How is it formed?1. The Subject • First comes the subject. This is the person doing the action. Remember: Je - Tu - Il - Elle - On Nous - Vous - Ils - Elles • But it could also be Marc, Celine, Mes parents, La glace, Le professeur • It is whoever is doing the verb!

5. 2. The Helping Verb • This is the part of avoir or être, known as the auxilliary: J’aiJe suis Tuas Tues Il/elle/on a Il/elle/on est Nous avonsNous sommes VousavezVousêtes Ils / ellesontIls/ellessont • How do you know which one to use? • If it’s one of the MRS VAN DER TRAMP or a reflexive verb use être • otherwise it’s avoir.

6. 3. The Past Participle • For most verbs (regular verbs) you can follow the simple rules to change the infinitive to the past participle: • For –ER verbs, take off the ER and add an É Regarder→Regardé • For –IR verbs, take off the IR and add an I Finir →Fini • For –RE verbs, take off the RE and add a U Répondre → Répondu • HOWEVER lots of verbs are irregular and we need to learn the past participles of these. • (17 of the Top 20 most used french verbs are irregular!!) • DON’T FORGET TO MAKE THE PP ‘AGREE’ IF IT IS AN ÊTRE VERB! (see right)

7. L’imparfait • To say what happened in the past but for description purposes: I was singing along peacefully • To talked about an action that is finished but lasted some time: it was raining everyday • To talk about an action that was happening when something sudden happened: I was drinking my cup of tea when the phone rang • To express a condition (before the conditional usually): if I could, I would never work • To talk about something you used to do some time ago: I used to play the piano when I was little • It can be compared to a short video footage

8. Think… • Weather • Age • Time • Characteristics • Habitual actions • Emotions • Descriptions

9. How is it formed? • Take the nous form of the verb in the present tense Ex. nous parlons • Take off the –ons • Add the correct ending: • Je –ais, tu – ais, il/elle – ait, nous –ions, vous – iez, -aient Ex. Je parlais • The one exception is être... ét- j’étais

10. L‘imparfait ou le passé composé??? Tu arrivais Nous sommes allés J’ ai parlé (Imparfait) (Passé composé) (Passé composé) Il jouait Vous partiez (Imparfait) (Imparfait) Ils parlaient J’ ai commencé (Imparfait) (Passé composé)

11. Le verbe venir • Venir means: to come Je viens Nous venons Tu viens Vous venez Il/elle vient Ils/elles viennent • It is a verb of motion and therefore takes être as its auxiliary in the passé composé Je suis venu

12. Les pépositionsgéographiques 1. Cities to/in = à from/of = de (d') Je vais à Dallas la semaine prochaine. Je viens de Broughshane.

13. 2. Countries and Continents Countries that end in an 'e' are nearly all feminine (except for 'le Mexique', 'le Cambodge'). Countries that end in any other letter are masculine.

14. Don’t forget… • Vocabulary!!!