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Chapter 8 Section 3 Notes

Chapter 8 Section 3 Notes. Greek Mythology and Literature. Myths Explain the World . Ancient Greeks were polytheistic Used myths about their gods to explain natural or historical events (religion explains what they do not understand). Greek Gods.

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Chapter 8 Section 3 Notes

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  1. Chapter 8Section 3Notes Greek Mythology and Literature

  2. Myths Explain the World • Ancient Greeks were polytheistic • Used myths about their gods to explain natural or historical events • (religion explains what they do not understand)

  3. Greek Gods • Greeks did not have scientific understanding of • Thunder • Earthquakes • Volcanic eruptions • Believed gods caused such events • They created myths to explain why the gods caused these events.

  4. ZeusKing of the gods of Mount Olympus

  5. HeraQueen of the godsSister and Wife of Zeus

  6. Poseidongod of the seasbrother of Zeus

  7. Hadesgod of the underworldbrother of Zeus

  8. Hermesthe messenger god

  9. Demeter – goddess of agriculture • Hestia – goddess of the hearth • Athena – goddess of wisdom • Apollo – god of the sun • Artemis – goddess of the moon • Ares – god of war • Aphrodite – goddess of love • Hephaestus – god of metalworking • Dionysus – god of celebration

  10. Gods and Mythology • Greeks thought the gods caused natural disasters • Also felt they caused daily events • Sunrise and sunset • Seasons changing • Built temples to keep the gods happy

  11. Heroes and Mythology • Not all myths were about gods • Some were about heroes • Each city had a favorite hero • Most Famous was Hercules • Killed the hydra

  12. Homer and Epic Poetry • Homer wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey • The Iliad is the story of the last years of the Trojan War • The Odyssey is the story of Odysseus’ journey home from the Trojan War and the challenges he faced

  13. Lyric Poetry • Poems that were set to music • Called Lyric poetry because the music was played on a lyre • Sappho was the most famous female lyrical poet of all Greece

  14. Fables • Fables are stories that teach a lesson or give advice how to live • Aesop was famous for his fables (even today) • The main characters are usually animals and they live and behave like humans • The Boy Who Cried Wolf • The Ants and the Grasshopper • The Tortoise and the Hare

  15. Greek Literature Lives • Much of the literature produced by the Ancient Greeks is still popular today

  16. Language • Many of our words come from the Greeks • Many places in world are named for figures in Greek Mythology • Greek mythology has inspired artist for hundreds of years • Trojans have roots in mythology

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