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This article explores the impact of migration on the health care system in London, focusing on asylum seekers, refugees, and migrants. It also discusses the issues faced by different nationalities and the challenges in accessing health care services. The article highlights the pre and post Brexit scenarios and the potential implications for health care workers. It concludes by emphasizing the need for support and solidarity for migrant health and social care workers.
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Migration and Health Care Pre and Post Brexit Thursday 7th July 2016
Migration and London • Asylum Seekers (some protection while in process) • Refugees (everyday protection) • Migrants (variable protection) i) EU Nationals (2004, 2007 nationals) ii) Visa categories iii) Leave outside the immigration rules iiii) Overstayers • Established ethnic minority communities
Migration and London • London has the largest share of the foreign born population at 36.9% (3 million based on 2014 figures from the Migration Observatory)
Top 10 nationalities applying for asylum June 2015 • Eritrea • Pakistan • Syrian • Iran • Sudan • Albania • Afghanistan • Sri Lanka • Nigeria • Iraq Source Home Office briefing to LSMP
Indian Nationals • 290,000 in London in 2014 • Around half arrived in the UK before 2000, half between 2001 and 2011 • Population is now ageing, with 18% aged 65 & over • Around 1/10 arriving since 2001 could not speak English well (previously ¼ women could not) • 70% of men and 59% women were in work, with 6% of each unemployed • Top occupations • – Men: Science and Research professionals (11%), Elementary admin (11%), Managers and directors (9%) • – Women: Admin (13%), Elementary Admin (11%), Sales (11%)
Romanian Nationals • 84,000 in London in 2014 • Over 7 in 10 aged between 20 and 39 years old • Amongst the most recent of migrant groups – 80% have arrived since 2007 • Perhaps a quarter of recent arrivals cannot speak English well • 76% of men and 67% of women were in work in 2011, only 7% unemployed
Polish nationals • 178,000 in London in 2014 • Over four-fifths arrived in UK between 2001 and 2011 • Nearly seven in ten aged between 20 and 39 • Over a third of those arriving since • 2007 could not speak English well but high employment rates • 82% of men and 77% of women were in work with only 4% unemployed • Top occupations • – Men: Skilled construction trade (32%), Elementary admin (11%), • Transport and machine operatives (8%) • – Women: Elementary admin (30%), Admin (8%), Caring personal service (8%)
Nigerian Nationals • 96,000 in London in 2014 • Half arrived in UK since 2001 but has been significant flow since 1980s • Predominantly working age population • Virtually all Nigerian migrants speak English as main language • 67% of men and 64% women were in work, but both had 11% unemployed • Top occupations • – Men: Elementary admin (24%), Business media professionals (7%), Sales (7%) • – Women: Caring personal service (20%), Elementary admin (17%), Health professional (11%)
Pre Brexit Issues • Access (registration) • Charging • Accusations of Health Tourism • Immigration Act 2014 & Immigration Act 2016 • Everyday Bordering • Hostile Environment
Post Brexit • Access (registration) • Charging • Accusations of Health Tourism • Immigration Act 2014 & Immigration Act 2016 • Everyday Bordering • Hostile Environment • Misapplication of the rules • Mental Health concerns, stress, anxiety, ‘right to remain’ • Health care workers • Institutional racism
So what is happening in London? • Briefings for migrant communities affected, to consolidate their position in the UK • Department of health has postponed consultation with refugee and migrant groups around charging • Support/solidarity for migrant health and social care workers
Thank you for listening Rita Chadha, Chief Executive Officer, RAMFEL, Cardinal Heenan Centre 326 High Road, Ilford, Essex, IG1 1QP 0208 478 4513 rita.chadha@ramfel.org.uk www.ramfel.org.uk http://ramfelspeaksout.blogspot.co.uk/