The North & The Industrial Revolution

1. The North & The Industrial Revolution TCAPs IS SUPER PETTY. . .

2. EQs What is the Industrial Revolution? (8.2 spi 8) How did urbanization, technology, and social change affect the country? (8.2 spi 8)

3. This week Today: Industrial Revolution Tuesday: South and slavery Wednesday: Review Thursday: Quiz Friday: Spring Break!!!!!!!!!

4. F.O.A. (Bellwork) Where is the Cumberland Gap located?

5. Cumberland Gap • Cumberland Gap (el. 1,600 ft (490 m)) is a pass through the Cumberland Mountainsregion of the Appalachian Mountains, also known as the Cumberland Water Gap, at the junction of the U.S. states of Tennessee, Kentucky, and Virginia. Famous in American history for its role as one key passageway through the lower central Appalachians, it was an important part of the Wilderness Road and is now part of the Cumberland Gap National Historical Park

6. LCAP • We’ll examine Nos. 2, 9 and 16 today.

7. Question What’s this?

8. The Industrial Revolution • Rapid growth in using machines for manufacturing in the mid-1700s • Begins in Britain with the textile industry

9. Slater’s Mill • Samuel Slater – British mechanic who secretly fled Britain and started a textile mill in Rhode Island.

10. Problem. . . • Remember that in the 1790s the U.S. was about to go to war with France • XYZ Affair • U.S. didn’t help them fight against Britain • American guns were all handmade individually; fixing them was hard and time consuming

11. Good Ol’ Mr. Whitney • Eli Whitney – Most famous for the cotton gin, but also: • Interchangeable parts that were all the same size and fit perfectly • Mass production of items using machines and interchangeable parts “Mass production be shakin’ it.” – Eli Whitney

12. Impact of War of 1812 • British blockades forced Americans to buy goods made in American factories; more and more factories built • Many Americans began to see how dependent on Britain and other countries they had been

13. The Rhode Island System • Samuel Slater would hire entire families to work in his factories. Why? • Apprentices left because the job was boring • Families brought children who worked for little money

14. The Lowell System • Instead of families, Francis Lowell hired young, unmarried women to work in his factories • Special loom that could spin thread and weave cloth in the same mill • Also offered his workers education

15. The Rise of Unions • Factories could produce goods much faster than individual craftsmen; began to lose money • Factory workers began to get paid less as more people fought for factory jobs • Unions formed to try to improve pay and working conditions

16. Transportation Revolution • Rapid growth in speed and convenience of travel because of new methods of transportation • Robert Fulton & the steamboat

17. Railroads & Locomotives • 1840 – 2,800 miles of track in the U.S. • 1860 – 30,000 miles of track in the U.S. • Linked most major cities to each other • Boosted America’s economy because more goods could be shipped farther and easier

18. New Fuel • Coal – Burned hotter than wood; more efficient • Found mostly in the northern U.S.; coal mining becomes very profitable thanks to railroads • Used to make steel

19. Other Inventions • Samuel Morse – Morse code & telegraphs • John Deere – Steel plow • Cyrus McCormick – Mechanical reaper • Isaac Singer – Sewing machine

20. Assignment • We’ll make a cause and effect chart today. • Copy these names/terms down: • 1) Richard Arkwright • 2) Samuel Slater • 3) Eli Whitney • 4) Francis Cabot Lowell • 5) Clermont • 6) Gibbons v. Ogden • 7) Samuel D. Morse (Morse Code) • 8) John Deere • 9) Cyrus McCormick

21. Assignment • Use pages 384-405 to complete the assignment.

22. Cause and Effect