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Agrarian and Industrial Revolution

Agrarian and Industrial Revolution. Agrarian Revolution. Enclosure System The process of taking over and fencing off land formerly shared by peasant farmers. Agrarian Revolution. Holmwoodhistory.com. Agrarian Revolution. Agrarian Revolution. So, Why enclosure?

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Agrarian and Industrial Revolution

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  1. Agrarian andIndustrial Revolution

  2. Agrarian Revolution Enclosure System The process of taking over and fencing off land formerly shared by peasant farmers.

  3. Agrarian Revolution Holmwoodhistory.com

  4. Agrarian Revolution

  5. Agrarian Revolution So, Why enclosure? It increased profits especially for sheep to graze, which would result in greater wool production. Larger fields would be cultivated more efficiently.

  6. Agrarian Revolution Consequences of enclosure --Farm laborers were out of work --Small farmers were forced off their land because they couldn’t compete. --Villages shrank and people moved to cities

  7. Agrarian Revolution Farming Methods Aside from enclosure other farming methods were changing as well. Some important ones follow on the next slides.

  8. Agrarian Revolution Charles Townshend developed a system of crop rotation. He was known as Turnip Townshend

  9. Agrarian Revolution Old System Planted Planted Fallow Fallow Planted Planted

  10. Agrarian Revolution New System Planted Planted Turnips and Clover Turnips were used for animal feed during the winter and they returned nutrients to the soil

  11. Agrarian Revolution JethroTull Invented the seed drill in 1701 which was horse drawn and planted seeds in uniformed rows. Wikipedia.org

  12. Agrarian Revolution Seed Drill

  13. Agrarian Revolution Seed Drill

  14. Agrarian Revolution Cyrus McCormick Invented the reaper in the mid 1800s. It cut the stalks of wheat and separated the seeds from the heads. Nndb.com

  15. Agrarian Revolution Reaper Antiquefarming.com

  16. Industrial Revolution Europe moved from a primarily agricultural and rural economy to a capitalist and urban economy from a household, family based economy to an industrial-based economy.

  17. Industrial Revolution Why does it happen in Europe? Globalization of the European Economy

  18. Industrial Revolution Increase of the European Population

  19. Industrial Revolution Increase of Food Production

  20. Industrial Revolution http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AT-ToV5heso

  21. Industrial Revolution Flying Shuttle

  22. Industrial Revolution Flying Shuttle

  23. Industrial Revolution Spinning Jenny Dipity.com

  24. Industrial Revolution Power Loom Cleo.net.uk

  25. Industrial Revolution Cotton Gin Eliwhitney.org

  26. Industrial Revolution Cotton Gin Etc.usf.edu

  27. Industrial Revolution Industrial Revolution http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LbAOseDs3KY

  28. Industrial Revolution The Factory System After Weaving looms were too large to place in homes, factories started. Interchangeable parts in 1800 by Eli Whitney Mass production, each worker made only one part. Before Cottage System—home based manufacturing Tools were made by hand not standardized.

  29. Industrial Revolution Consequences of industrialization Who worked in the factory system? Men, women and children

  30. Industrial Revolution Teacherlink.org

  31. Industrial Revolution When were factories open? Daylight hours, sun up to sun down Six days a week

  32. Industrial Revolution Where did many workers live? Outskirts of the towns and cities in slums with no internal plumbing or running water.

  33. Industrial Revolution Cottontimes.co.uk

  34. Industrial Revolution Additional information about life during the Industrial Revolution http://www.cottontimes.co.uk/

  35. Industrial Revolution Response and Reforms Entrepreneurs/Aristocratic—conservative, they wanted to maintain their power structure and preserve their rights. Middle Class—liberals, freedom and equality should be expanded, laissez-faire Socialists—people as a whole to own factories, farms and mines, the means of production. Government to serve the needs of the people not just the wealthy

  36. Industrial Revolution Robert Owen (1771-1858) A socialist and a utopian, he tried to establish ideal communities in which the residents contributed to and shared in the economic success Robert-Owen.com

  37. Industrial Revolution The story of New Lanark begins with the River Clyde. In 1784, an enterprising and far-sighted Scot, David Dale embarked on an ambitious plan to found cotton mills powered by the natural energy of the powerful Falls of Clyde in Lanarkshire.

  38. Industrial Revolution According to Owen, education was the key to a happier society and universal harmony. By 1816, Owen had opened the New Lanark community's Institute for the Formation of Character, which served variously as a school, religious meeting place, dance hall and community centre - another step, he considered, towards his dream of a classless society.

  39. Industrial Revolution New Lanark Robert-Owen.com

  40. Industrial Revolution Under Robert Owen’s management from 1800 to 1825, the cotton mills and village of New Lanark became a model community. New Lanark had the first Infant School in the world, a creche for working mothers, free medical care, and a comprehensive education system for children, including evening classes for adults. Children under 10 were not allowed to work in the Mill.

  41. Industrial Revolution Robert-Owen.com

  42. Industrial Revolution On his deathbed in 1858, he said: "I gave Important truths to the world, and it was only for want of understanding that they were disregarded. I have been ahead of my time."

  43. Industrial Revolution Robert Owen http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F1nlAjJge_w

  44. Industrial Revolution Guardian.co.uk Friedrich Engels (November 28, 1820 August 5, 1895) was a German author, political theorist and philosopher, most well known for his monumental work with Karl Marx The Communist Manifesto and Das Kapital. Friedrich Engels is therefore one of the major contributors to the foundation of modern communism. Time-Life/Getty Images

  45. Industrial Revolution Friedrich Engels By day, Engels was a diligent businessman, representing his father at the Victoria Mill of Ermen and Engels at Weaste, in Salford. But by night he became a social investigator, prowling the mean, dangerous streets of Manchester's slum areas gathering material for what was to become his classic book, The Condition of the Working Class in England.

  46. Industrial Revolution The book The Condition of the Working Class In England was a damning indictment of social attitudes of the 1830s and 40s, pointing up the horrors of back-to-back housing, cellar dwellings and poor sanitation.

  47. Industrial Revolution Cottontimes.co.uk Chetham’s Library in Manchester where Engels and Marx toiled to produce the Communist Manifesto

  48. Industrial Revolution Karl Marx (1818-1883) Co-authored the pamphlet The Communist Manifesto with Friedrich Engels which was published in 1848 and asserted that all human history had been based on class struggles, but that these would ultimately disappear with the victory of the proletariat. Graceuniversity.edu

  49. Industrial Revolution Proletariat Who were the proletariat? They were the working class. They lived entirely from the sale of its labor and did not draw a profit from any kind of capital. The bourgeoisie were the business owners

  50. Industrial Revolution So, what was the outcome of this work? Marx and Engels proposed that there would be a revolution where the working class proletariat would rise up and take over the means of production.

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