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The Skeletal System

The Skeletal System. Section 32.1. The Skeleton: Structure. Helps maintain shape Axial skeleton supports central axis of body. Rib cage, skull, vertebral column. Appendicular skeleton Arms, legs, pelvis, shoulders. The Skeleton: Function. Supports body Protects internal organs

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The Skeletal System

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  1. The Skeletal System Section 32.1

  2. The Skeleton: Structure • Helps maintain shape • Axial skeleton supports central axis of body. • Rib cage, skull, vertebral column. • Appendicular skeleton • Arms, legs, pelvis, shoulders.

  3. The Skeleton: Function • Supports body • Protects internal organs • Assists movement • Stores minerals • Forms blood cells

  4. Bones: Structure • Consist of… • Living cells • Protein fibers • Surrounded by calcium salts

  5. Bones: Development • Starts as cartilage in-vitro • Ossification occurs 7 months before birth. • Mineral deposits replace cartilage. • Bones have growth plate at the tips. • Will eventually ossify and growth stops.

  6. Bones: Remodeling and Repair • Bones continuously rebuilt/remodeled. • Osteoblasts • Old bone replaced by new. • Osteoclasts

  7. Joints • Place where one or more bones meet. • Contain connective tissue that hold bones together. • Bones move without damaging each other.

  8. Joints: Types • Immovable • Slightly moveable • Freely moveable

  9. Joints: Structure • Freely moveable • Cartilage covers surface where two bones meet. • Surrounded by fibrous joint capsule. • Has ligaments (outer) hold bones together • Synovial (inner) allows for sliding

  10. Joints: Injuries • ACL ligament tear. • Located between femur and tibia. • Damage can occur by rapid pivoting, leaping, forceful contacts. • Inflammation by excessive strain • Osteoarthritis • Wear and tear • Cartilage breaks down

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