The Monroe Doctrine

1. The Monroe Doctrine • Pre 1823 • Early Monroe Doctrine • Later Monroe Doctrine, 1895 • US Interventionist Diplomacy • Emergence of Good Neighbor Policy • The Cold War and Latin America

2. http://franceshunter.files.wordpress.com/2010/05/monroe.jpg

3. Background to the Monroe Doctrine • U.S. Preoccupied by the purchase of Florida, 1817-21- did not want to spoil negotiations • 1821-24 U.S. recognized Latin American Republics • By 1824 18 of 20 Latin American colonies independent

4. James Monroe, President, 1817-1825 http://franceshunter.files.wordpress.com/2010/05/monroe.jpg

5. Monroe Doctrine Text Our policy, in regard to Europe, which was adopted at an early stage of the wars which have so long agitated that quarter of the globe, nevertheless remains the same, which is, not to interfere in the internal concerns of any of its powers; to consider the government de facto as the legitimate government for us; to cultivate friendly relations with it, and to preserve those relations by a frank, firm, and manly policy; meeting, in all instances, the just claims of every power; submitting to injuries from none. But, in regard to these continents, circumstances are eminently and conspicuously different. It is impossible that the allied powers should extend their political system to any portion of either continent, without endangering our peace and happiness: nor can any one believe that our Southern Brethren, if left to themselves, would adopt it of their own accord. It is equally impossible, therefore, that we should behold such interposition, in any form, with indifference.

6. Early Monroe Doctrine • Formulation of Monroe Doctrine- Great Britain’s “rowboat”? • Debate over the forms of government in Latin America… • US reactions to European presence in Latin America… • Spain, France in Mexico 1829, 1838 • Britain and Falklands/Malvinas 1833 • British role in Brazil, Argentina • French occupation of Mexico, 1861-67

7. Development of Monroe Doctrine

8. US Response to Imperialism • Formulation of U.S. concept of strategic defense of land and sea borders • Spanish Cuban War (1895) & Spanish-American War (1898) • Revived interest in Panama Canal • Brought America into conflict with European nations over colonies. • Repudiated the Monroe Doctrine.

9. Panama Canal

10. US Interventionist Diplomacy • Roosevelt Corollary to Monroe Doctrine • Led to “Big Stick Diplomacy” in Dominican Republic, Haiti, Cuba • “Dollar Diplomacy” of the 1920s • The most invaded country in Central and South America?

11. Emergence of Good Neighbor Policy • Started during Hoover administration (1928-32)-repudiated moralistic policies of Woodrow Wilson • Role of the Depression: troop withdrawal, isolationism • Preparations for War in Europe • Strengthened Inter-Am. Organizations • Need to secure strategic war resources in L.Am., especially minerals • Desire to keep Fascists out of Latin America

12. The Cold War and Latin America • Consequences of WWII: Shift of US fears from Fascism to Communism • Treaty of Rio 1947 • Latin America’s response to the Marshall Plan, 1948 • Use of foreign aid and Rio Treaty to counteract communism and nationalism in Latin America • “Economic Imperialism”

13. The Election of 1824:The “Corrupt Bargain” • The death of the Federalist Party • The Democratic-Republican Party • The Electoral results • The House of Representatives • The Bargain and aftermath

14. The Election of 1824:The Democratic-Republican Party Andrew Jackson Henry Clay William Crawford John Quincy Adams Who would you vote for?

15. The Election of 1824:Electoral Results http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/ElectoralCollege1824-Large.png/800px-ElectoralCollege1824-Large.pn

16. The Election of 1824:Electoral Results

17. The Election of 1824:The House of Representatives http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/ElectoralCollege1824-Large.png/800px-ElectoralCollege1824-Large.pn

18. The Election of 1824:The “Bargain” and Aftermath • Henry Clay-(Speaker of the House), hated Andrew Jackson • Crawford is ill and not a front runner • Clay and Adams politically similar, Clay throws support to Adams • House of Reps. chooses Adams for president • Adams announces his choice of Henry Clay for Secretary of State

19. The Election of 1824:The “Bargain” and Aftermath • Jackson: “corrupt bargain” • Democratic Party (Jackson) splits from • National Republican Party (Adams) • 2nd Bank of the United States • Emergence of the West as a political force