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ALCOHOL

ALCOHOL. COACH JACOBS. ALCOHOL 1 BELLRINGER. Make a list of all the organs in the body you can think of that are affected by alcohol use. Make a word web of your ideas with the term “alcohol use” in the center. What is Alcohol?.

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ALCOHOL

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  1. ALCOHOL COACH JACOBS

  2. ALCOHOL 1 BELLRINGER Make a list of all the organs in the body you can think of that are affected by alcohol use. Make a word web of your ideas with the term “alcohol use” in the center.

  3. What is Alcohol? • A colorless, flammable liquid formed by the fermentation of fruits, juices, or cereal grains. • Is made of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen! • Beer, wine, and liquor are types of alcohol. • Often referred to as ethanol or drinking alcohol.

  4. INTOXICATED • MEANS BEING DRUNK. • “HIGH”.

  5. REASONS FOR ALCOHOL/DRUG USE • Peer pressure. • Coping. • Escaping. • Media influence/advertising. • Social interaction. • Parents’ use. • Enhancing Athletic performance. • Risk taking.

  6. DRUG CATEGORY • DEPRESSANT (Slows down the central nervous system). • In small doses, alcohol has a mellowing or tranquilizing effect. • Consumption over a long period of time can damage the brain and liver.

  7. ANATOMY OF THE BRAIN • CEREBRUM: Voluntary actions and control of ability to reason. • CEREBELLUM: Coordination, muscular control, balance. • SPINAL CORD: Sends messages to and from the brain and body organs. • MEDULLA: Controls involuntary actions, such as breathing, digestion, heart beat, and circulation.

  8. EFFECTS ON THE BODY 1. BRAIN: • Slows reactions and perceptions. • Impairs speech, thought and judgment. • Affects balance and coordination.

  9. 1-2 Drinks: Person’s systems begin to slow down, relaxed feeling, less inhibited, slight decrease in fine motor skills. 3-4 Drinks: Fine motor skills are decreased, performance and responsiveness are reduced; less judgment; slowed reaction time. 5-7 Drinks: Senses are dulled, especially speech, hearing, and vision. Balance is altered and person may stagger; decreased sense of pain. 8-12 Drinks: Reflex actions are decreased, body temperature drops, circulation and respiration slows; Unconsciousness may occur including coma and death. Effect of Alcohol on the Brain

  10. 2. LUNGS • Large amounts can slow respiration (BREATHING). • Impair breathing. • Death result.

  11. 3. STOMACH • Gastrointestinal tract is irritated. • Ulcers can result. • With aspirin, hemorrhaging of the stomach lining can occur.

  12. 4. Liver • Ninety percent of alcohol is oxidized (processed) by the liver. • Cirrhosis (scarring) can result which affects liver function. • Deposits of fatty tissue can increase. • Liver Cancer more prevalent in heavy drinkers.

  13. 5. SMALL INTESTINE • Most of the absorption of alcohol occurs here.

  14. 6. CARDIOVASCULAR • Bloodstream carries alcohol to all parts of the body. • Blood vessels dilate, giving the feeling of warmth on the surface (Body temperature actually decreases). • Heart rate slows down.

  15. 7. KIDNEYS • Increased production of urine. • Dehydration of body cells occurs.

  16. 8. REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS • Alcohol affects inhibitions. • It is a myth that alcohol is an aphrodisiac (a sexual stimulant). • Interferes with sexual function (stimulates desire but diminishes performance).

  17. FACTORS AFFECTING ALCOHOL IN THE BODY • Type of drink. • Amount of alcohol consumed. • Time elapsed between drinks. • Body weight. • Empty or full stomach. • Mental/emotional state. • Previous experience with alcohol.

  18. PROOF • Number on an alcoholic beverage label. • Equals twice the percentage of the actual alcohol content. • Example: 80 proof would contain 40% alcohol.

  19. BLOOD ALCOHOL CONCENTRATION • Also, called BAC. • A way to express the amount of alcohol in a person’s blood.

  20. ADDICTION • Dependence on a drug. • Strong physical and psychological need for a drug.

  21. ALCOHOLISM • An incurable disease in which a person becomes physically and psychologically dependent on the substance of alcohol. • Alcoholism affects the entire family as well as the alcoholic. • In addition, many alcoholics lose their job, house, etc.

  22. 3 TYPES OF ALCOHOLISM • TYPE 1 Genetic defect in the endorphin- producing system which makes one more prone to alcoholism.

  23. ENDORPHINS • Endorphins are produced naturally • by the human body to kill pain!

  24. TYPE 2 • Stress induced drinkers. • Normal brain function in the beginning but alcohol has weakened the brains ability to produce endorphins.

  25. TYPE 3 • Drug induced drinkers. • The alcoholic once had normal brain chemistry, but the continued use of drugs and alcohol caused the brain to release lower amounts of endorphins.

  26. 3 STAGES OF ALCOHOLISM • EARLY OR WARNING STAGE • Makes promises to quit but can’t keep them. • Drinks often to release tension. • Increased tolerance (need more and more to feel the effects). • Personality changes. • Memory blackouts (Loss of memory without passing out). • More forgetful. • More Irritable.

  27. 2. MIDDLE OR CRUCIAL STAGE • Tries to deny or hide drinking. • Drinks when alone. • Drinks in the morning. • Signs of drinking more noticeable. • Drinks at work or at school. • Harder to feel “high” no matter how much is consumed. • Drinking a daily necessity.

  28. 3. FINAL OR CHRONIC STAGE • Isolation from family and friends. • Loneliness. • Lives to drink. • Never seems to eat. • Nervous. • Takes vitamins and tranquilizers, but neither helps. • Very tense.

  29. Final stage continued • Very irritable. • Liquor more important than family or job. • Tremors (DT’s or shakes). • Hallucinations (Seeing and/or hearing things that are not there. • Weakness due to malnutrition. • Blackouts LAST longer.

  30. WITHDRAWAL • Sweating. • Delirium (tremors). • Nausea. • Vomiting. • Also, called detoxification. • Usually a crisis, with varying degrees of physical and emotional severity.

  31. PREGNANCY AND ALCOHOL USE • Can cause Fetal Alcohol Syndrome • Below normal birth weight and size. • Facial Deformities (Small head, narrow eyes, flat nose, thin upper lip. • Deformity of the heart, kidneys, muscles, joints, and sex organs. • Mental retardation/Learning Disabilities. • Sleep disturbances.

  32. DURING PREGNANCY, THERE IS NO SAFE LEVEL OF ALCOHOL USE!!!!!

  33. Treatment • The treatment includes care for an alcoholic’s emotional needs as well as their physical needs.

  34. REHABILITATION • Group (Alcoholics Anonymous-a 12 step approach). • Individual (Professional help or free clinics). • Family therapy (Al-anon or Al-teen). • Hotlines.

  35. 3 PHASES TO A TREATMENT PROGRAM • PHASE 1 • Patient goes through withdrawal (Removal of a drug from the body that may cause unpleasant side effects). • All alcoholic beverages are withheld.

  36. PHASE 2 • Helps the alcoholic work through personal problems. • Builds greater self-esteem. • Learn more effective ways to cope with life and stop destructive drinking.

  37. PHASE 3 • Aftercare. • Can never return to social drinking or RELAPSE will occur.

  38. MADD/SAAD • Mothers/Students • Against • Drunk • Driving. • Educate on the dangers of drinking and driving.

  39. DRINKING AND DRIVING • NEVER drink and drive. • DUI (Driving Under the Influence). • Laws vary from state to state.

  40. Reference: Glencoe Health

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