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Modelling of Electron Air Showers and Cherenkov Light

Modelling of Electron Air Showers and Cherenkov Light. A.Mishev J. Stamenov. Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of Sciences 72 Tsarigradsko chausse, Sofia 1784, BULGARIA. The Cherenkov radiation is emitted if the velocity v of charged

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Modelling of Electron Air Showers and Cherenkov Light

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  1. Modelling of Electron Air Showers and Cherenkov Light A.Mishev J. Stamenov Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of Sciences 72 Tsarigradsko chausse, Sofia 1784, BULGARIA

  2. The Cherenkov radiation is emitted if the velocity v of charged particles exceeds the speed of light, which is given by the local refractive index of the medium n and the vacuum speed of light c The condition is =v/c , where n is the local refractive index of the medium, v the speed of the charged particle and c the speed of light. Neglecting the wavelength dependence of n the emission angle c of Cherenkov photons relative to the charged particle direction is the number Nc of photons emitted per path length s in this angle is

  3. Cherenkov light spectra

  4. subroutineAUSGAB subroutineCERE TETA = ACOSD(1/BETA) {Cherenkov angle of emission } ANGLE = SIND2(TETA) STEP = TVSTEP CERPHOT = 390.0*ANGLE {number of the emited Cherenkov photons during a transportation step; Cherenkov wavelenght band is 350-500nm} CREG(IRL) = CREG(IRL)+ CERPHOT {number of Cherenkov photons in the region of interest} END OF CERE REAL INDEX,BETA,GAMMA {refractive index, velocity, Lorenz factor} CHARGE=IQ(NP) {charge of the particle} TOTE=E(NP) {energy of the particle} NO Region of interest YES YES YES NO Charged particle muon NO NO Me=Mm {Replacing the rest mass of the electron} GAMMA = TOTE/MeC2 GAMMA> Treshold YES BETA = f(GAMMA) INDEX = INDEX of MEDIA BETA = BETA*INDEX CALL CERE Simulation of the angle of emission Main program

  5. Experimental setup

  6. Experimental response of the water tank for different depths Experimental and theoretical responses of the small tank

  7. simple atmosphericmodel in EGS4 21 layers of 5 km thickness chemical composition Nitrogen, Oxygen and Argon variation of the refractive index in function of the local density of the atmosphere is taken into account The angle of Cherenkov photons emission is simulated with a full analogy with EGS4's UPHI subroutine Comparison between EGS4 and CORSIKA code

  8. Flow diagram of EGS4

  9. Simplified schematic algorithm of "TRAMEAN"(Mean Trajectory) Monte Carlo code: START Data input: -material and geometrical conditions; -mean athmospheric extinction of Cerenkov photons; -initial number of created photons

  10. Muon Cherenkov telescope Water Cherenkov detector

  11. Lateral distribution function of Cherenkov light for primary helium Lateral distribution function of Cherenkov light for primary gamma

  12. Cross section calculation Transportation step calculation Analytical energy losses calculation User’ s control set Step < set NO YES Continue to the next interaction

  13. PC 1 PC 2 PC n Geometry and cross section calculation Main 1 Main 2 Data acquisition and analysis

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