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The Beginning of the Revolutionary War in the Colonies

The Beginning of the Revolutionary War in the Colonies. REVIEW:. What were the long term causes for the Revolutionary War? Mercantilism French & Indian War Proclamation Line of 1763 Great Awakening The Enlightenment. REVIEW:.

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The Beginning of the Revolutionary War in the Colonies

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  1. The Beginning of the Revolutionary War in the Colonies

  2. REVIEW: • What were the long term causes for the Revolutionary War? • Mercantilism • French & Indian War • Proclamation Line of 1763 • Great Awakening • The Enlightenment

  3. REVIEW: • The French & Indian War gave the colonists confidence and they started seeing themselves as a separate entity. • King George III, Parliament, and the English did not see it that way. They needed the colonies to: • Remain a world power • Generate revenue (money) through taxation and trade

  4. Sugar Act (1764) The British started to increase control over the colonies through more Acts and taxes… Prime Minister George Grenville enacted the Sugar Act in 1764 to help pay off the French & Indian War debt. REACTION TO THIS ACT: Colonists started the rallying cry, “no taxation without representation”

  5. Stamp Act (1765) • Colonists were required to pay for stamps to be placed on all paper goods they bought. • Legal documents • Licenses • Newspapers • Pamphlets • Playing cards • Refusal to buy the stamp meant jail time or a fine • Colonists refused to buy the stamp and boycotted • Parliament repealed the law in 1766

  6. Townsend Acts (1767) • Placed a tax on: • Imported glass • Lead • Paint • Paper • Tea! • The money collected paid for military costs in the colonies and the salaries of colonial governors

  7. Daughters of Liberty Established in 1765 Consisted of women who displayed their loyalty by participating in boycotts of British goods following the passage of the Townshend Acts About 92 women would make their own goods to avoid buying British goods One of the real reasons the colonists were successful in their boycotts and the Revolutionary War began!

  8. Deborah Sampson Sampson disguised herself as a man and enlisted as a Continental Army soldier (1782-1783) Awarded a soldiers pension Leader of the Daughters of Liberty

  9. Molly Pitcher Called Molly “Pitcher” because she brought water to soldiers who were suffering from heatstroke during the Battle of Monmouth Her husband collapsed on the field and she took his place at a canon George Washington made her a non-commissioned officer after the battle and she became Sergeant Molly

  10. Other Daughters… • Sarah Franklin Bache • Martha Washington • Followed the Army and assisted her husband • Esther de Berdt • Helped raise money for the Army • Sewed shirts for the Army

  11. Sons of Liberty Secret society formed to protect the rights of the colonists and to fight taxation by the British government Played a major role in the fight against the Stamp Act in 1765 and officially disbanded after the Act was repealed The name applied to other local Patriot groups during the years before the American Revolution

  12. Sons of Liberty • Samuel Adams • Political writer/tax collector/fire warden • Founded the Sons of Liberty in Boston • Joseph Allicock • African-American leader of the Sons in NY • Benedict Arnold • Businessman, general in the Continental Army • John Hancock • Merchant/smuggler/fire warden in Boston • Paul Revere • Silversmith/fire warden in Boston

  13. Sons of Liberty

  14. Sons of Liberty Bigelow – blacksmith Edes – journalist/publisher Gadsden – merchant Henry – lawyer Lamb – trader Otis – lawyer Peale – portrait painter Rush – doctor Salomon – financial broker Warren – doctor Wolcott – lawyer WHAT DO YOU NOTICE ABOUT ALL OF THESE MEN?

  15. Attacks on Loyalists • Often, we don’t hear about the colonial gangsthat tormented Loyalists • Would attack them in their beds • Young boys would put seashells and rocks in snowballs/mud and throw them at customers that were breaking the boycotts • Tar and feathering

  16. Boston Massacre An outraged crowd of Patriots gathered at the Boston Customs House, taunting and jeering at the British soldiers Colonists started throwing bricks, rocks, and snow The British guards fired in self defense and five colonists were killed One month later, the Townshend Act was repealed. Who was really at fault?

  17. Other Daughters…

  18. Paul Revere’s Engraving Created 3 weeks after the Boston Massacre Called “The Bloody Massacre in King-Street” NOT an accurate depiction of the actual event, instead one of the most effective pieces of propaganda in American history

  19. Crispus Attucks First casualty in the American Revolutionary War Might have been an escaped slave, we don’t really know Father was an African born slave, mother was a Native American He becomes an icon in the anti-slavery movement of the 18th century

  20. Tea Act (1773) • Allowed the East India Company to sell tea at a cheaper price directly to the colonists • EFFECT: Parliament hoped this would end the boycott of tea and decrease the smuggling • Colonists were afraid this would set a precedent that would put the colonial merchants out of business • Three ships docked in the Boston Harbor in November 1773 and the Sons of Liberty demanded they leave, leading to….

  21. Boston Tea Party • November 1773 • The Sons of Liberty dressed up as Native Americans after Governor Hutchinson failed to force the British tea merchants to leave. • Boarded the 3 ships and dumped 342 chests of tea into the Boston Harbor • The new Prime Minister, Lord North, was outraged and passed The Intolerable Acts

  22. Boston Tea Party

  23. Intolerable Acts (1773) Lord North wanted to punish Boston Boston Harbor was closed until it could pay for all the tea that was dumped in the harbor The royal governor could decide if and when the Massachusetts legislature could meet Any crimes committed by a royal official would be tried in England, not the colonies Colonists were forced to provide living quarters, candles, and beverages to British soldiers

  24. Intolerable Acts (1773) Parliament wanted to make an example of Massachusetts and scare the other colonies into separating from MBC Parliament also hoped that Massachusetts would need the trade so badly that they would yield to the Intolerable Acts and follow their demands BUT, THAT DIDN’T HAPPEN!

  25. Intolerable Acts (1773) Instead, the Intolerable Acts united the colonies The other 12 colonies were outraged by the way England was treating Massachusetts and how their basic rights as English citizens were taken away The other colonies came to the aide of MBC and made sure they had supplies

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