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Introduction to Life Science

Introduction to Life Science. Conducting Experiments and Observations LS.1a-j. Vocabulary LS.1. Observation - using one or more of your senses (sight, hearing, touch, smell) to gain information Hypothesis - a possible explanation for a set of observations

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Introduction to Life Science

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  1. Introduction to Life Science Conducting Experiments and Observations LS.1a-j

  2. Vocabulary LS.1 • Observation- using one or more of your senses (sight, hearing, touch, smell) to gain information • Hypothesis- a possible explanation for a set of observations (Example: If fertilizer is added to the soil surrounding a tomato plant then the plant will grow taller.) • Variable- any factor that can change in an environment (Example: the amount of sunlight and water that a plant receives can change so these are variables) 4. Independent Variable- the factor in an experiment that is changed to test a hypothesis (Example: Imagine that you are testing to see if the amount of fertilizer effects the growth of a tomato plant. Your independent variable would be the varying amounts of fertilizer, because it changes in order to test your hypothesis.)

  3. Dependent Variable- the factor that changes because of the independent variable [This is the response to the independent variable.] (Example: In the above experiment, the height of the tomato plant would be the dependent variable. This is because the height of the tomato plant is the response to the amount of fertilizer, which is your independent variable.) • Controlled experiment- an experiment in which all variables remain the same except for one (Example: A controlled experiment would be only changing the amount of fertilizer, not the amount of water or sunlight. This way we know for sure that the fertilizer is the reason for the response.) • Constants- any factors that are kept the same in an experiment (Example: In the above controlled experiment, if you kept the amount of water and sunlight the same for each plant they would become the constants in the

  4. Two Types of Investigations • Observational Studies- we can use our senses to observe and describe with this type of experiment (descriptive); This type of experiment will generate or form a hypothesis • Experimental Studies- a hypothesis is tested with repeated trials, analyzing data, recording a conclusion, etc.

  5. The Scientific Method • State the problem • Form a hypothesis • Test the hypothesis • Record and Analyze Data • State a Conclusion • We use this when conducting experimental studies.

  6. Rules for Conducting an Experiment • Clearly state your plan for the experiment by listing the independent variable, dependent variable, and constants. • Conduct repeated trials. • Consider mistakes in the experiment. • Organize data into tables and charts. • Use data to support your conclusion at the end of the experiment.

  7. Homework Assignments • Read pages 4-11 • Answer questions 1-10 on page 14

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