LEADERSHIP BEHAVIOR IN SAFETY

1. LEADERSHIP BEHAVIOR IN SAFETY

2. Corporate Level (same for all sites) Directives, Policies & Procedures Overall Safety Management Systems Audit & Feed-back Mechanisms Incentives Primary objective is to understand Hazards & reduce Exposure at worksite. Basic Safety Management Site Level Mechanisms (similar at most sites) Safety Plans Observations, Audits, Problem solving Hazard Recognition Incident Investigation & No Blame Culture Training Working Interface Exposure Injuries How the work is Done

3. What is different at one site compared to other? • Majority of focus at most sites is on craft level employee driven improvement process with very insignificant influence by the Leaders. • Safety Awareness level is usually strong at Top, however most of the times does not influence people with wrenches!!! • Results have proved that the Quality of Leadership & their ability to influence others is the single most distinguishing factor!! • Who are the Leaders? Manager, Safety Representatives, Job Supervisor, Foreman….

4. If exposure is reduced, will the injuries be reduced? Maybe………. Are we sure?? Is it luck? Maybe……… but how can you manage or acquire or buy luck? What is different at one site compared to other? Safety Leaders should clearly understand that management of the Incident Rate or Injury itself does not require Safety Leadership, but the kind & amount of exposure & behaviors leading to the incident event ……. these should be tackled objectively & requires Leadership skills…..

5. SAFETY IS FOUNDATIONAL TO OVERALL ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE AND IS AN IDEAL PLACE TO START BUSINESS RESULTS QUALITY PRODUCTION INNOVATION ENGAGEMENT SAFETY / SECURITY Employees need sense of Safety & Security as a foundation to be fully engaged, deliver their greatest potential

6. Organizational Safety Culture Employees perform better in Teams or individually when they have a sense that the Organization is concerned about them in general. They don’t fear about BLAME….. Best way for Leaders to convey this message is making the workplace Safer by their actions. Effective Leadership helps in generating a sense of Unity, Teamwork & Engagement on the job that eventually results in higher Organizational performance. Safety is an ideal place to start because it is highly visible, it has obvious meaning, appreciated by the industry worldwide & it sets the tone for other kinds of general performance enhancement such as Production & Quality. Safe organizations usually deliver quality products efficiently.

7. ZERO-INCIDENT CULTURE Organizational Qualities Root Causes Organizational Commitment Openness to Change Job Satisfaction Mutual Trust and Respect between Supervisor and worker Organizational Citizenship Behavior Excellent Communication and Cooperation • Organizational Factors • Procedural Justice • Leader-member exchange • Management Credibility • Perceived Organizational Support • Team Factor • Teamwork • Workgroup Relations • Safety Factors • 7. Organizational value for Safety performance improvement • 8. Safety Communication • 9. Approaching others Outcomes Safety Awareness Incidence Rates Safe Behavior Safety Related Costs

8. Nine Root Causes that LEADER should work on to achieve Positive Safety Outcomes Procedural Justice This refers to the extents to which the individual workers perceives fairness in the supervisor’s decision-making process. Leader Member Exchange This refers to the relationship & the level of confidence that the employee has in his supervisor. Management Credibility This refers to a perception by the employee that the things that management says are consistent with the thing management does. Perceived Organizational Support This refers to a perception of the employee that they receive the support needed to accomplish the objectives of the organization. Teamwork This refers to the extent to which employee perceives that working with the team members is an effective way to get things done.

9. Nine Root Causes that LEADER should work on to achieve Positive Safety Outcomes Workgroup Relations This refers to how well I get along with the people I work with. Organizational Value for Safety Performance Improvement This scale measures the extent to which employee perceives the organization has a value for safety performance improvement. Is it something that people only talk about or is it something people in organization really value to? Upward Communication This factor refers to the extent to which communication flows freely upward through the organization. Are workers afraid to talk to seniors on Safety? Approaching Others This factor refers to the extent to which employees feel free to speak to each other about safety concerns. Am I willing to stop my co-worker engaging in at risk behavior?

10. So……how does Safety Leadership Puzzle look like? FEED BACK & RECOGNITION ACTIONS COMMUNICATION COLLABORATION & ENCOURAGEMENT ACCOUNTABILITY CREDIBILITY VALUE FOR SAFETY VISION

11. Safety Leadership Puzzle Vision Safety leadership starts with vision. This means that the senior most person in the Organization (Company, Division or Site) needs to be able to “see” what safety performance excellence would look like in the organization. Communicate the Vision in a way that is compelling, not only through words but more importantly through Actions & describing how future would look like when Safety is realized. Value for Safety Safety Leaders act to support safety values and principles. Lead by Example! Accountability The excellent safety leader gives people a fair appraisal of their efforts and results in safety, clearly communicates people’s role in the safety effort, and fosters the sense that people are responsible for the level of safety in their organizational unit.

12. Safety Leadership Puzzle Credibility The excellent Safety Leader is credible to other people in the organization. When the safety leader says something other people believe him and do not question the leader’s motives or understand them to be giving mixed messages. Collaboration & Encouragement By collaboration we mean working well with other people, promoting cooperation and collaboration in safety, asking for and encouraging input from people on issues that will affect them, helping others resolve safety related problems for themselves, and encouraging others to implement their decisions and solutions for improving safety. Action Oriented Safety Leader is proactive rather than reactive in addressing safety issues. Demonstrates sense of personal urgency & energy to achieve desired Safety culture & hence the outcomes.

13. Safety Leadership Puzzle Communication The excellent safety leader is a great communicator. He encourages people to give honest & complete information on Safety issues even if the information is unfavorable. He draws big picture of Safety in the minds of people. Communicates effectively & with same level of commitment up, down & across!! Feedback & Recognition Safety Leader is good at providing feedback and recognizing other people for their accomplishments. He PUBLICLY recognizes the contributions of others, uses appropriate praise more than criticism. Finds ways to celebrate accomplishments in Safety. Provides Feed-back on its “factual” values & not as personal conclusions.