BRAZIL

1. BRAZIL By David Manning and Dominic Cabano

2. Pre-World War II • Produced most of the world’s coffee and cocoa, along with natural rubber • The country’s elite social class was made up of coffee and cocoa planters, and rubber exporters • The rich spent money lavishly on palaces in places like Rio de Janeiro • They let British companies build railroads, harbors, and other infrastructure, and the British imported most manufactured goods

3. Pre-World War II • Large lower-class made up of sharecroppers and plantation workers (descendents of slaves) • 1929 - Great Depression hit Brazil as hard as it hit the U.S. and Europe

4. Pre-World War II • Getulio Vargas proclaims himself the president of Brazil • Solves the economic problems • Industrializes Brazil through a policy called import-substitution industrialization • Revered in Brazil, similar to F.D.R. in the way Brazilians think of Vargas

5. Post-World War II • Socioeconomic transformation • Began to emerge as a world power • Aimed to strengthen ties with other South American countries • Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro • 1969 – divided into North, Northeast, Central-West, Southeast, and South

6. Political • Brazilian Constitution • Foreign policy reflects multilateralism, peaceful dispute settlement, and nonintervention in the affairs of others • Brazilian Army, Navy, and Air Force • General Ernesto Geisel – re-democratization

7. Economic • Largest economy in Latin America • Juscelino Kubitscheck • Economical and industrial policy successful • Necessary to take development of cattle and crop raising a step further • Suffered from inflation – Plano Real

8. Social • Official language is Portuguese • Religious freedom – Catholic, Protestant • 49.4% white, 42.3% brown, 7.4% black • Fútbol = Soccer • 1950-2005 Population grew by 2% each year • Poverty/crime represented by favelas and slums