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Bite Counter: A Tool for Weight Loss. Tonya Turner, RD, LD MUSC Weight Management Center Sodexo Clinical Nutrition Update 2012. 12-week pilot study assessing the Bite Counter as a tool for weight loss MUSC Weight Management Center Patrick O’Neil, PhD Tonya Turner, RD Laura Nance, RD, CDE
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Bite Counter: A Tool for Weight Loss Tonya Turner, RD, LD MUSC Weight Management Center Sodexo Clinical Nutrition Update 2012
12-week pilot study assessing the Bite Counter as a tool for weight loss MUSC Weight Management Center Patrick O’Neil, PhD Tonya Turner, RD Laura Nance, RD, CDE Robert Malcolm, MD Suzanne Kuker, MA Susan Pechon, RN The Bite Study has been funded through South Carolina Clinical and Translational Research Center (SCTR)
Bite Counter • The Bite Counter is worn on the wrist and functions like a watch • Automatically counts the number of bites taken at meals and snacks • Invented by two college professors from Clemson University • Dr. Eric Muth and Dr. Adam Hoover • Manufactured in South Carolina
Study objectives • To examine whether increases and decreases in bite count are related to increases and decreases in caloric intake • To determine whether providing bite count feedback and bite count reduction goals will lead to reductions in numbers of bites and calorie intake • To learn how users rate the Bite Counter’s acceptability and tolerability • To see if any changes in weight and body fat are related to use of the Bite Counter
Study overview • 12-week pilot study • 2-week screening period with 1 or more visits before the study began • Participant visits occurred every 2 weeks for a total of 7 visits • Participants were be required to keep a 3-day food diary during the screening period, 2 3-day food diaries during the first month, and 1 per month there after. There were 9 visits over the course of 14 weeks
Study design • 20 participants were assigned to 1 of 2 conditions • Feedback • No-Feedback • Subject Characterizations • Generally Healthy Males and Females • Ages 18 to 70 • Body Mass Indexes (BMIs)from 27 to 35
Study Design • Screening visit • Measured height, weight, and blood pressure • Body composition using a bioelectrical impedance machine • Medical history • Questionnaires • Instruction by WMC RD on how to keep a 3 day food diary
Study Design • Baseline Visit • Turned in screening 3 day food diary • Began wearing a Bite Counter for 2 weeks without feedback • Assigned another 3 day food diary • Completed questionnaires
Study Design • Randomization visit • Participants were assigned to either 1 of 2 groups • Feedback • Non-feedback • Assigned a 3 day food diary • Completed questionnaires
Study Design • Study Visits (Weeks 4, 6, 8, and 10) • Measured weights • Completed 2 additional 3 day food dairies • Uploaded Bite Counter data • Completed questionnaires • Final Visit (week 12) • Measured weight, height, and blood pressure • Ending body composition • Uploaded Bite Counter data • Completed questionnaires
Study Design • Retention • Frequent reminder calls and emails • Bi-weekly follow up visits • Compensation • $50.00 for completion of all study visits • $100.00 for successful return of bite counter and charger
Dietary Aims • To provide subjects with an estimated reduction goal for bites or calories to equal approximately 500 calories • Estimated by 3-day food diaries and 2 week run-in of wearing bite counter
Study demographics • 20 participants randomized • 18 females, 2 males • Mean age: 46.2 • Mean BMI: 31.4 • 19 completed • 17 females, 2 males • 10 No-Feedback • 9 Feedback • 1 Lost to follow-up
Baseline Data Calories Bites • Mean Caloric Intake (All Subjects) • 1816 calories • Mean Calorie Goal (No-Feedback) • 1400 calories • Mean Bites (Randomization) • 184 • Estimated Calories per Bite • 9.9 calories per bite • Mean Bite Goal (Feedback) • 121
Week 12 Results • Mean BMI • 30.8 • Changed by 0.6 BMI points • Mean Weight Change (lbs.) • No feedback- 4.29 • Feedback – 4.55
Week 12 Results • Mean Caloric Intake • All Subjects - 1582 calories/day 234 Calories • No-Feedback – 1488 calories/day (Mean Goal 1400) • Feedback – 1687 calories/day • Mean Bites • All subjects – 123 bites/day • Estimated Calories per Bite • 12.9 calories per bite • Feedback – 104 bites/day (Mean Goal 121) • No-Feedback – 137 bites/day
Our Observations… 1 Serving = 17 Grapes = 17 Bites = 57 Calories 1 Serving = 1 Slice Pizza = 10 Bites = 272 Calories
Which do you prefer, completing and using the eating diaries or wearing and using the Bite Counter?
Usability and Tolerability In the past week how much did you like this approach to dieting? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Extremely Liked Extremely Disliked Week 12: 3.9 Baseline: 4.2
Usability and Tolerability • In the past week how easy did you find it to follow this diet? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Extremely Liked Extremely Disliked Baseline: 3.9 Week 12: 4.2
Our Observations • Limited success with use of bite counter as a tracking method • Comments from subjects • To hard to remember to turn on and off • Not attractive • Not accurate • Not waterproof • Malfunctioned
Bite Technologies http://www.icountbites.com/index.html