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Muscular System

Muscular System. Functions Voluntary movement Forms some sphincters Protection of some organs Stabilization of some joints Posture Heat production. Muscular System. Organs Muscles. Muscular System. Organs Muscles (includes tendons and aponeuroses).

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Muscular System

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  1. Muscular System • Functions • Voluntary movement • Forms some sphincters • Protection of some organs • Stabilization of some joints • Posture • Heat production

  2. Muscular System • Organs • Muscles

  3. Muscular System • Organs • Muscles (includes tendons and aponeuroses)

  4. Structure of Skeletal Muscles • Muscle fibers

  5. Structure of Skeletal Muscles • Muscle fibers

  6. Structure of Skeletal Muscles • Muscle fibers • Contractile units within:

  7. Structure of Skeletal Muscles • Muscle fibers • Contractile units within: • Sarcomeres

  8. Structure of Skeletal Muscles • Muscle fibers • Contractile units within: • Sarcomeres

  9. Structure of Skeletal Muscles • Muscle fibers • Contractile units within: • Sarcomeres • Sarcomeres linked end-to end

  10. Structure of Skeletal Muscles • Muscle fibers • Contractile units within: • Sarcomeres • Sarcomeres linked end-to end; form myofibrils

  11. Muscle fibers bundled into fascicles

  12. Muscle fibers bundled into fascicles • Fascicles bundled to form the muscle

  13. Connective Tissue in Muscle

  14. Connective Tissue in Muscle • Endomysium

  15. Connective Tissue in Muscle • Endomysium • Perimysium

  16. Connective Tissue in Muscle • Endomysium • Perimysium • Epimysium

  17. How Muscles Create Movement at Joints • Muscles must cross joints • Insertion pulled towards origin

  18. Parallel Greatest range of motion Fascicle Organization

  19. Parallel Pennate Fascicle Organization

  20. Parallel Pennate Strongest force of contraction Fascicle Organization

  21. Parallel Pennate Convergent Fascicle Organization

  22. Parallel Pennate Convergent Greatest versatility Fascicle Organization

  23. Parallel Pennate Convergent Circular Fascicle Organization

  24. Muscle-Bone Lever Systems

  25. Muscle-Bone Lever Systems F

  26. Muscle-Bone Lever Systems F

  27. Muscle-Bone Lever Systems R F

  28. Muscle-Bone Lever Systems E R F Third-class lever

  29. Muscle-Bone Lever Systems E R F Third-class lever

  30. E R F Third-class lever

  31. E R F Third-class lever

  32. E R F Third-class lever

  33. Amplifies speed and distance at the expense of force E R F Third-class lever

  34. Muscle-Bone Lever Systems E R F Third-class lever

  35. Muscle-Bone Lever Systems E R F Third-class lever

  36. Muscle-Bone Lever Systems E R F Third-class lever

  37. Muscle-Bone Lever Systems E R F Second-class lever

  38. Muscle-Bone Lever Systems E R F First-class lever

  39. Muscle Interaction • Prime Mover • Muscle most responsible for an action • e.g.: abduction of arm: deltoid

  40. Muscle Interaction • Synergistic muscles • Assists prime mover • e.g.: supraspinatus assists deltoid in abduction

  41. Muscle Interaction • Fixator muscles • Holds bone of origin steady • e.g.: serratus anterior holds deltoid’s bone of origin steady during abduction

  42. Antagonistic muscles Action opposite that of the prime mover e.g.: lats and pects adduct must not contract during abduction Muscle Interaction

  43.  Muscle names may indicate the direction of the muscle fibers (e.g., transversus abdominis, external oblique).

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