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Chapter 5 Introduction to Sensation

Chapter 5 Introduction to Sensation. Sensation: your window to the world Perception: interpreting what comes in your window. Sensation. The process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive stimulus from the environment. Perception.

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Chapter 5 Introduction to Sensation

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  1. Chapter 5 Introduction to Sensation Sensation: your window to the world Perception: interpreting what comes in your window.

  2. Sensation • The process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive stimulus from the environment.

  3. Perception • The process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events.

  4. Bottom-Up processing v. Top-down Processing • Our sensory and perceptual processes work together to help us sort out complex processes

  5. I cdnuolt blveiee taht I cluod aulaclty uesdnatnrd waht I was rdanieg. The phaonmneal pweor of the hmuan mnid, aoccdrnig to a rscheearch at Cmabrigde Uinervtisy, it dseno't mtaetr in waht oerdr the ltteres in a wrod are, the olny iproamtnt tihng is taht the frsit and lsat ltteer be in the rghit pclae. The rset can be a taotl mses and you can sitll raed it whotuit a pboerlm. Tihs is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey lteter by istlef, but the wrod as a wlohe. Azanmig huh? yaeh and I awlyas tghuhot slpeling was ipmorantt!

  6. What if we could sense everything? Life would hurt. So we can only take in a window of what is out there. This is the study of psychophysics: relationship between physical stimuli and our psychological experiences to them.

  7. Absolute Threshold • The minimum stimulation needed to detect a stimulus 50% of the time.

  8. Signal Detection Theory • Predicts how we detect a stimulus amid other stimuli. • Assumes that we do not have an absolute threshold. • We detect stuff based on our experiences, motivations and fatigue level. Signal Detection Theory

  9. Subliminal Stimulation • Below one’s absolute threshold for conscious awareness. Does this work? • Yes and No • Slide studies showed some emotional reactivity (called priming a response). • The effects are subtle and fleeting.

  10. Difference Threshold • The minimum difference that a person can detect between two stimuli. • Also known as Just Noticeable Difference

  11. Weber’s Law • The idea that, to perceive a difference between two stimuli, they must differ by a constant percentage; not a constant amount.

  12. Sensory Adaptation • Diminished sensitivity as a result of constant stimulation. Because our sensory neurons fire less frequently

  13. How is this important when studying sensation? Transduction Stimulus energies to neural impulses. For example: Light energy to vision. Chemical energy to smell and taste. Sound waves to sound. Conversion of one form of energy to another.

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