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Hitler’s Foreign Policy and the causes of World War II

Hitler’s Foreign Policy and the causes of World War II. Outline of what we’ll cover. Hitler’s aims and The Treaty of Versailles Rearmament Expansion Anchluss Appeasement Nazi-Soviet Pact Task...Let’s see what you already know..work in pairs..

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Hitler’s Foreign Policy and the causes of World War II

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  1. Hitler’s Foreign Policy and the causes of World War II

  2. Outline of what we’ll cover.... • Hitler’s aims and The Treaty of Versailles • Rearmament • Expansion • Anchluss • Appeasement • Nazi-Soviet Pact Task...Let’s see what you already know..work in pairs.. 3 Facts or statements about each bullet point..

  3. Hitler’s Aims and the TofV? • Hitler’s Aims were outlined in Mein Kampf? (1924) • Part of his popular support was due to attitude to the Treaty... Come up with 4 issues that Germans disliked? • Hitler comes to power in January 1933... AIMS: DESTROY THE TofV – REARM & RECAPTURE UNITE ALL GERMAN SPEAKERS EXPAND EAST – LEBENSRAUM DESTROY COMMUNISM

  4. Rearmament Use pp45 to list at least 3 actions of aggression or rearmament. What was the REACTION to Hitler’s actions? How is this a CAUSE of WW II?

  5. Rhineland 1936 32,000 invaders Hitler’s gamble Reaction of Rhinelanders Why did the British and French fail to enforced the TofV?

  6. What does the cartoon tell us about Nazi attitude to military restrictions imposed by the TofV? (6)Use the sources and your own knowledge,ContextInterpretationKnowledge

  7. Anchluss with Austria 1938

  8. Anchluss 1938 • Objective to unite German speaking people • Previous attempt 1934 (Mussolini & von Schuschnigg) • Spanish Civil War 1936 improved Nazi-Italian relations • Rome-Berlin Axis (1936) & Anti-Commitern Act (1937) • Austrian Nazi plot to overthrow government • Rioting in Austria. Hitler sent troops in to restore peace. • 80,000 opponents imprisoned, Hitler enters Austria • Plebicite, (vote) 99.75% said ‘yes’ to Anchluss

  9. Appeasement Winston Churchill Appeasement: The policy of granting concessions to potential enemies in an attempt to maintain peace.

  10. Timeline of Invasion/Appeasement 12-13 September 1938: • Hitler encourages KonradHenlein, leader of the Sudeten Nazis, to rebel, and demands a union with Germany. • When the Czech government declares martial law, Hitler threatens war. 15 September 1938: • Chamberlain goes to see Hitler at Berchtesgaden. • Without consulting Czechoslovakia, he promises to give Hitler all the areas where more than 50 per cent of the population is German. Then he persuades France to agree. 22-23 September 1938: • Chamberlain goes to Bad Godesberg to tell Hitler about the decision, but Hitler now demands ALL the Sudetenland. Chamberlain refuses; it looks like war. • Chamberlain calls the crisis 'a quarrel in a faraway country, between people of whom we know nothing'. 30 September 1938: • At Munich, France and Britain agree to give Hitler the Sudetenland. • Chamberlain waves 'a piece of paper' with Hitler's statement that he does not want to go to war. German troops march into the Sudetenland, and are welcomed as heroes.

  11. Appeasement “How horrible, fantastic, incredible it is, that we should be digging trenches and trying on gas-masks here, because of a quarrel in a faraway country between people of whom we know nothing... However much we may sympathise with a small nation confronted by a big and powerful neighbour, we cannot in all circumstances undertake to involve the whole British Empire in war simply on her account. If we have to fight, it must be on larger issues than that. I am myself a man of peace to the depths of my soul; armed conflict between nations is a nightmare to me... War is a fearful thing, and we must be very clear before we embark on it, that it is really the great issues that are at stake.” Neville Chamberlain

  12. Appeasement For Appeasement Against Appeasement • Not ready to fight • Memory of WW1 • Public didn’t want war • Need for a strong Germany • TofV had been unfair • Hitler admired! • Green light to Hitler • Legitimise his actions • Germany not ready for war • Made war inevitable • Forced Nazi/Soviet Alliance

  13. Results of Appeasement • Hitler invades the rest of Czechoslovakia • Hitler had captured non-German speaking people... • Britain no longer trusted Germany • Britain promised to defend Poland if Germany attacked.

  14. Chamberlain’s policy of appeasement was the best policy to avoid war with Nazi Germany.To what extent do you agree with this statement.Use your own knowledge and the source.

  15. Nazi Soviet Pact August 1939 Silly Video Stalin wanted to work with Britain and France to halt Hitler’s advance. Negotiations didn’t go well: Britain and France didn’t trust Stalin Stalin didn’t think the British & French could halt Hitler Poland weren’t happy to have Soviet troops in Poland

  16. Nazi Soviet Pact August 1939 • SURPISE! Hitler and Stalin signed the Pact in secret! Promised not to fight one another Secretly agreed to split Poland

  17. Why would Stalin and Hitler sign an agreement They hate each other! Hitler • Allowed Germany to continue expansion • Lebensraum • Divided his ‘enemies’ • Buying time to rearm Stalin • Allowed USSR to expand • Stalin didn’t trust Britain and France • Avoid conflict • Buying time to rearm

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