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Regional Poverty Analysis and Monitoring Workshop

Regional Poverty Analysis and Monitoring Workshop. Tara Vishwanath (World Bank) Islamabad, Pakistan March 18-23, 2002. Poverty Reduction Approaches Conceptual Underpinnings. Eighties saw an almost exclusive focus on growth – income based poverty

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Regional Poverty Analysis and Monitoring Workshop

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  1. Regional Poverty Analysis and Monitoring Workshop Tara Vishwanath(World Bank) Islamabad, Pakistan March 18-23, 2002

  2. Poverty Reduction ApproachesConceptual Underpinnings • Eighties saw an almost exclusive focus on growth – income based poverty • The nineties complemented growth with capabilities- health, education, nutrition • This is now further expanded to include vulnerability, voice, and power.

  3. Dimensions of Poverty • Lack of Opportunity • Low Capabilities • Low levels of security • Empowerment • These are highly interrelated and complementary

  4. Dimensions – contd. • Each dimension represents an evolution of development thinking - Criticality of markets - Criticality of institutions- private, public, political • Resources need to be complemented with the “right” incentives for effectiveness.

  5. Substantive ChallengesCreating Opportunity • Design interventions to account for institutional realities and distributional and welfare impacts of policy • Increase support to “pro-poor” growth approaches- as in promote market activities for the poorer groups • Focus on building assets of the poor: • Redistribution • Service delivery issues

  6. Substantive ChallengesImproving Security • Reduce vulnerability: from the macro to household level to lessen impact of shocks • Increase capacity at the household and aggregate levels to mitigate and cope with risk • Pay heed to existence of informal mechanisms in the design of interventions

  7. Substantive ChallengesEnabling Empowerment • Enhance capability of people to “influence” their own lives • Strengthen participation of poor in decision making; make institutions more responsive to needs of the poor • Improve governance and accountability of state institutions • Reduce exclusionary social and institutional barriers.

  8. The PRSP Framework • PRSP initiative embodies the themes of the conceptual framework • Opportunity • Security • Empowerment • Lending Instruments capture these ideas • Poverty Reduction Support Credits (PRSC) • Investment lending for capacity building, learning, innovation

  9. Implementation Challenges • Enhance knowledge base on poverty and interrelated characteristics • Link public actions to these observations and analyses • Improve incentives for better performance

  10. Enhancing the Knowledge Base on Poverty • The conceptual framework poses enormous demands on data at various levels: • The country level aggregates • The community level • The household level • The Individual level • Time series/panel • Administrative data • The list continues ……

  11. How Much Poverty? Trends? • Extent of Poverty: Its breath, depth, severity • Consumption/income aggregates at household level.. (HIES type data) • Regular intervals.. For consistent trends (every three to five years) • Consistent methods for tracking consumption- for comparability • Indicators of extent, depth, severity • Panels useful for vulnerability and income mobility exercise

  12. Who are the poor? • Characteristics of Poverty • Extended multi-topic household surveys measuring social indicators, living conditions, wages, sources of income…. • Disaggregated information for discerning patterns across gender, rural/urban, ethnicity, etc • Facility and community surveys to identify key constraints to access markets and services

  13. Why are they poor? • Beyond constraints of income and access- to understand processes and behavior that impede poverty reduction • Qualitative and institutional data • User surveys • Participatory surveys to understand household priorities and perceptions • Political economy issues.. Scope for collective action

  14. Data Needs and Sources:Summary

  15. Analysis • Define indicators and benchmarks for key dimensions of poverty • Improve Poverty Monitoring systems and capacity • Enhance diagnostic techniques to reflect multidimensional concept of poverty -appropriate indicators, tools -qualitative and quantitative

  16. Examples of Indicators

  17. Linking Public Action to Poverty Outcomes • Use information from analysis - for strategy formulation - priority setting - design of key interventions • Develop tools for assessing social and poverty impact of public action • Strengthen focus and capacity for monitoring • Sustain the link between analysis, feedback and action

  18. Role of International Community • Work off the PRS of countries- country ownership is key • Facilitate implementation challenges: • Capacity building • Knowledge exchange and creation • Sustaining efforts – recognition of the fact that such efforts take time

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