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Animation began as a series of hand-drawn images. Today, computers are used to create both 2D and 3D animation. Technology Interactions. What Is Animation?. Animation is the creation of simulated movement by using a series of still images.
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Animation began as a series of hand-drawn images. Today, computers are used to create both 2D and 3D animation. Technology Interactions
What Is Animation? • Animation is the creation of simulated movement by using a series of still images. • The zoetrope and similar toys from the 1800s led to the development of motion pictures.
Types of Animation • Hand-drawn animation • Stop-motion animation • Computer animation • Motion-capture animation
Hand-Drawn Animation • Each drawing is slightly different from the next. • The drawings are photographed. • Each drawing makes up one frame in a film.
Stop-Motion Animation • A model is posed, photographed, and then adjusted slightly for the next shot. • Models may be created from clay, from rubber skin over a moveable metal frame, or entirely on the computer.
Computer Animation • Computer animation software can be used to create an animated scene, a cartoon, a video game, or even a full-length movie. • Software is available for two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) animation.
Motion-Capture Animation • Magnetic: Sensors placed on an actor’s body measure magnetic fields created by a transmitter. • Optical: Video cameras track the motion of light-emitting diodes or reflective markers placed on the joints of the actor’s body. • Electro-mechanical devices resembling an exoskeleton are worn by the actor.
Where Is Animation Used? • TV and movies • Web sites • Video games
Animation for TV and Movies • Storyboards show the action and dialog. • Characters, props, and sets are created with 3D modeling software. • Key frames show the beginning and ending point in an action sequence. Computers generate the “in-between” frames needed to simulate motion. • Shading, lighting, and rendering add realism.
Animation for Web Sites • GIF format is a simple sequence of animated still pictures. • FlashTM software produces sophisticated animations. • Dynamic HTML can be used to produce high-quality animations.
Animation for Video Games • The story line is created. • Characters and backgrounds are designed, and storyboards are prepared. • Characters are programmed with behaviors. • The game is tested, and flaws are corrected. • The game is marketed.