1 / 37

Beta-Beams (WP4) Summary

This summary provides an overview of the events, milestones, and highlights of the Beta Beams project. It includes information on meetings, workshops, collaborations, and the progress made in the development of the Beta Beam scenario.

lhaas
Download Presentation

Beta-Beams (WP4) Summary

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Beta-Beams (WP4) Summary Elena Wildner, CERN Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner 1

  2. Outline • Events • Milestones/Deliverables • Highlights • Conclusion 2 2 Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  3. Overview of events (I) • 2 WP4 full meetings • 3rd WP4 meeting, 25/11/09, Grenoble (LPSC) • 4th WP4 meeting, 19/02/10, Paris (CEA) • Meetings Legnaro, CEA • Nufact09 • Europeean Strategy for Future Neutrino Physics, CERN (1-3 Oct, 2009) • ISOLDE Workshop and Users Meeting, CERN (18-20 Nov, 2009) • EPIPHANY 2010, Krakow (5-8 Jan, 2010) • Physics in underground laboratories • EuCARD, RAL (April 2010) • NEU2012 network meeting 3 Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  4. Overview of events (II) • Fermilab, Batavia, USA, Productin Ring Design and cooling workshop organized by D. Neuffer • GSI, Darmstadt (O. Boine-Frankenheim, C. Dimopoulou) • Cooling and Internal Gas Targets for production ring • Large interest • 15 Participants: NTU-Athens , GSI(6), University of Frankfurt (3), CERN (3), University of Münster, FZ Jülich (2) • GSI joins as associated institute to WP4 (has to be approved by EUROnu) • Costing WS, CERN • Two BSc theses from Aachen (summer 2009) • Aachen will contribute with one student for 3 months (summer 2010) • Some 10 publications written (pending publication) 4 Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  5. Beta Beam scenario EUROnu, FP7 Ion Linac 20 MeV n-beam to experiment 8B/8Li PR Ion production Decay ring Br ~ 500 Tm B = ~6 T C = ~6900 m Lss= ~2500 m 8Li: g = 100 18B: g = 100 We are working on all parts!!! Exception Ion Linac 25 Mev PS2 has been eliminated from the scene ISOL target, Collection SPS Neutrino Source Decay Ring 60 GHz pulsed ECR Linac, 0.4 GeV PS 450 GeV, p-eq . RCS, 3.5 GeV Detector Gran Sasso (~ 5 times higher Q) Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  6. Beta Beam scenario EUROnu, FP7 Ion Linac 20 MeV n-beam to experiment 8B/8Li PR Ion production Decay ring Br ~ 500 Tm B = ~6 T C = ~6900 m Lss= ~2500 m 8Li: g = 100 18B: g = 100 ISOL target, Collection SPS Neutrino Source Decay Ring 60 GHz pulsed ECR Linac, 0.4 GeV PS 450 GeV, p-eq RCS, 3.5 GeV Detector Gran Sasso (~ 5 times higher Q) Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  7. Intensities needed: Some scaling • L ~ <En > / Dm2 ~ gQ , Flux ~ L−2 => Flux ~ Q −2 • Cross section ~ <En > ~ g Q • Merit factor for an experiment at the atmospheric oscillation maximum: • M= g /Q • Decay ring length scales ~ g (ion lifetime) • With FP7 ions we need ~ 5 times more ions (same g & longer baseline) • Other detector technology at higher energy requires another factor ~ 2 ? • FP-7 proposal did not address these facts • Assumed shortfall of 18Ne intended to be solved by producing Li/B ions • The FP7 assumption was to accelerate a similar number of ions for He/Ne and Li/B. • Conclusion: Baseline beta beam scenario milestone B/Li will not be met 7 Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  8. Strategy, Beta Beam, Accelerators • Work on 6He and 18Ne ions, push of production has given results • Experiments for He, results tell us production is ok • Ne ok on paper but needs one FTE more for experimental verification (CERN, LLN). • Satisfactory results to achieve good neutrino flux (He and Ne) • the beta beam baseline is the Frejus Option (He and Ne) • Accelerator Complex is calculated first for the He and Ne Option • Beam stability • Decay Ring Optimization • Superconducting Magnets in Decay Ring • Collimation • The engagements for B and Li is continued by WP4 partners 8 Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  9. Beta Beam scenario 6He/18Ne n-beam to Frejus SPL Linac 4 ? 6He 18Ne Decay ring Br ~ 500 Tm B = ~6 T C = ~6900 m Lss= ~2500 m 6He: g = 100 18Ne: g = 100 Ion production Ion production ISOL target SPS Neutrino Source Decay Ring 60 GHz pulsed ECR PS Linac, 100 MeV 280 GeV RCS, 1.7 GeV 9 Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  10. Beta Beam scenario 8Li/8B n-beam to GranSasso/Canfranc Ion Linac 25 MeV, 7 Li and 6 Li 8B/8Li PR Ion production Decay ring Br ~ 500 Tm B = ~6 T C = ~6900 m Lss= ~2500 m 8Li: g = 100 18B: g = 100 ISOL target, Collection SPS Neutrino Source Decay Ring Existing!!! 60 GHz pulsed ECR PS Linac, 100 MeV 280 GeV RCS, 1.7 GeV 10 Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  11. Milestones Month WP We can today give the needed fluxes with 6He and 18Ne. Experimental verification now urgent!! After collective effects studies and revisiting RF scenarios, the parameter list will be completed. Collection device is designed and assembled. Tests ongoing. Basic lattice frozen, cooling simulations will tune the lattice Deacy ring optics done also for B and Li. We have in addition a new decay ring design giving some extra 10% in neutrino flux (for Ne and He also). Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  12. Milestones (contd & Deliverables) Results from the barrier bucket study, (B and Li) confirms we have to keep SF with some minor relaxation. For He and Ne we stay with the original basic parameters. Detector performance for high-Q? We have assumed a factor 2. Can this be improved? Do we need to do development of a new accelerator complex to accelerate B and Li? Device constructed. Will be delivered after tests (for annual report) Barrier buckets not feasible, neither for B and Li or Ne and Ne. For the decay ring we have no better results than the merging process and stand with the FP6 results. Other machines: Rf to be revisited for all ions Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  13. Beta Beam scenario EUROnu, FP7 Ion Linac 25 MeV n-beam to experiment 8B/8Li PR Ion production Decay ring Br ~ 500 Tm B = ~6 T C = ~6900 m Lss= ~2500 m 8Li: g = 100 18B: g = 100 ISOL target, Collection SPS Neutrino Source Decay Ring 60 GHz pulsed ECR Linac, 0.4 GeV PS 450 GeV, p-eq . RCS, 3.5 GeV Detector Gran Sasso (~ 5 times higher Q) Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  14. The production Ring Supersonic gas jet target, stripper and absorber E. Benedetto • Lattice design operational • Target model (Bethe-Bloch) • Beam cooling is observed (1000 turns) • Lattice to be adapted • Wedge angle has effect on coupling • Chromaticity to be tuned (resonances) • Equilibrium emmittance fits with theory • RF feasable (4 MHz, 300 kV), ACOL cavities • Gas Jet target proposed in FP7: too high density to be realistic • Vacuum problems • Target model has to also include single scattering of we use less dense targets • Try Direct Production (D. Neuffer) with spectrometer magnet? 14 Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  15. Beta Beam scenario EUROnu, FP7 Ion Linac 25 MeV n-beam to experiment 8B/8Li PR Ion production Decay ring Br ~ 500 Tm B = ~6 T C = ~6900 m Lss= ~2500 m 8Li: g = 100 18B: g = 100 ISOL target, Collection SPS Neutrino Source Decay Ring 60 GHz pulsed ECR Linac, 0.4 GeV PS 450 GeV, p-eq . RCS, 3.5 GeV Detector Gran Sasso (~ 5 times higher Q) Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  16. PR: Gas Jet Targets and Cooling (GSI) We need 10 19 cm-2 !! Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  17. PR Feasibility: Vacuum Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  18. X-sections, Energies and Angles, Li and B Inverse kinematic reaction: 7Li + CD2 target E=25 MeV Results for cross-sections and angular distributions have been presented. E. Vardaci 8B production experiments are being planned at Legnaro for inverse kinematics. If we need to change the production of B and Li in the production ring (liquid target, direct kinematics) experiments could be envisaged for this reaction. Funding may be limiting. 18 Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  19. RipeN Rivelatori per Neutroni a LNL V. Kravchuk 24 BC501 cylindrical Liquid Scintillators 12.7cm x 12.7 cm 19 Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  20. Challenge: collection device A large proportion of beam particles (6Li) will be scattered into the collection device. Production of 8Li and 8B: 7Li(d,p) 8Li and 6Li(3He,n) 8B reactions using low energy and low intensity ~ 1nA beams of 7Li(10-25 MeV) and 6Li(4-15 MeV) hitting the deuteron or 3Hetarget. • Semen Mitrofanov • Thierry Delbar • Marc Loiselet Tests on collection device: The collection device has presently a welding problem. September 2010 to finish with 8Li. Research on B will follow. Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  21. Decay Ring A .Chance 21 Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  22. Beta Beam scenario EUROnu, FP7 Ion Linac 20 MeV n-beam to experiment 8B/8Li PR Ion production Decay ring Br ~ 500 Tm B = ~6 T C = ~6900 m Lss= ~2500 m 8Li: g = 100 18B: g = 100 ISOL target, Collection SPS Neutrino Source Decay Ring 60 GHz pulsed ECR Linac, 0.4 GeV PS 450 GeV, p-eq . RCS, 3.5 GeV Detector Gran Sasso (~ 5 times higher Q) Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  23. Decay Ring Intensities • A first study of the dynamic aperture has shown that it was large enough to accept the beam. • Due to the blowing up in the longitudinal phase space, it was shown that a dedicated collimation section was needed in the DR. • The peak beam intensities are unprecedented (several Amps in average, hundreds of Amps peak). • The beam loading in the cavities must be studied (Cockcroft Institute could work on this as associate partner). • To gain 10% of neutrinos, we increased the field from 6 to 8 T in the arc magnets and shorten the arcs from 970 to 675 m • The injection region will be moved from the arc to the straight section. 23 Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  24. Duty factor and RF Cavities 1014 ions, 0.5% duty (supression) factor for background suppression !!! .... Erk Jensen, CERN 20 bunches, 5.2 ns long, distance 23*4 nanosseconds filling 1/11 of the Decay Ring, repeated every 23 microseconds 24 24 Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  25. Radiation issues • Open midplane magnet for Decay Ring exists (2009) • Internal absorbers between short dipoles • Result not entirely satisfactory (2008) • Magnets at quench limit • Thick liners in the magnets an alternative • Modelled in FLUKA for the time being results not convincing • Thicker liners (other materials) • Back to absorber design • We have to check vacuum issues E. Wildner • Work on collimation system to be continued (hibernating...) • SPS is still to be looked at • Other machines ok (within limits from CERN rules) 25 Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  26. DR Arc Magnets • Decay losses concentrated on the horizontal plane • Normalized to a decay rate in half of the arc: • He: 3.74x1010 decay.s-1 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Power deposited (mW/cm3) z axis (cm) No significant improvement when using 1cm thick liner (stainless steel) Quads have similar problems E. Bouquerel 26 Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  27. Options for production Courtesy T. Stora, P Valko Possible R & D !!! Needs some optimization Challenging Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  28. Recent Results for Production of 6He 5 10136He/s 200kW, 2 GeV proton beam (ISOLDE 2008) N. Thiolliere et T. Stora, EURISOL-DS Aimed: He 2.9 1018 (2.0 1013/s) T. Stora et al., EURISOL-DS, TN03-25-2006-0003 Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  29. Production of 18Ne for Beta Beams • Compatible materials (Ni-based alloys) up to 1000 ºC: Hasteloy N • Molten salt flow: 2.1 l/s (for ΔT = 100 ºC) • Size of the irradiation cell: 24x15x7.5 cm3 • Size of the diffusion chamber: 15x40x15 cm3 • Cooling of the window is done with the circulating molten salt. Cross-section measurements done at LLN, to be compared with calculations Molten salt loops presently set up LPCS, Grenoble: we will profit of this experiment. EUROnu week in Strasbourg - IPHC P. Valko - CERN

  30. ECR Source • Available measurements periods last week of June • Extension of the magnet time access demand performed • If possible 13000 A measurements before end of July 30 30 Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  31. Experiments, Gyrotron 37 GHz MW pulse March 2010 20 µs Microwave duration = 50 µs Duration of ion current = 20 µs Ion current of N3+ =2 мА Ion current of N3+ Duration of ion current vs microwave duration Just noise Tсвч=70 µs Tсвч=60 µs Tсвч=50 µs Tсвч=40 µs Ion current of Ar4+ V. Zorin

  32. Modeling of Short Pulses Modeling Experiment Simple mirror trap, L=37 cm Mirror Ratio = 4 MW=10 kW/cm2 Extraction voltage = 25 kV MW duration ~ 70 µs V. Zorin

  33. N3+ N2+ Nitrogen H+ O2+ O3+ Ar4+ C2+ C3+ Ar5+ N+ Argon N4+ C+ O+ Ar3+ C2+ N2+ Ar2+ O+ C+ Charge state distribution, short pulses V. Zorin C2+ For 6He and 19 Ne we have to profit of produced intensities: extract one charge state and do the rest with Linac stage and strippers! Long Linac? CERN simulations ?

  34. Start overall simulations from Ion Linac 20 MeV n-beam to experiment 8B/8Li PR Ion production Decay ring Br ~ 500 Tm B = ~6 T C = ~6900 m Lss= ~2500 m 8Li: g = 100 18B: g = 100 Optimize Linac with source data Preliminary emmittances and beam sizes from ECR exist Estimates on efficiencies (ECRin/ECRout) to be updated Simulate beam up to RCS (and further) ISOL target, Collection SPS Neutrino Source Decay Ring 60 GHz pulsed ECR Linac, 0.4 GeV PS 450 GeV, p-eq . RCS, 3.5 GeV Detector Gran Sasso (~ 5 times higher Q) Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  35. Beta Beam scenario EUROnu, FP7 Ion Linac 20 MeV n-beam to experiment 8B/8Li PR Ion production Decay ring Br ~ 500 Tm B = ~6 T C = ~6900 m Lss= ~2500 m 8Li: g = 100 18B: g = 100 ISOL target, Collection SPS Neutrino Source Decay Ring 60 GHz pulsed ECR Linac, 0.4 GeV PS 450 GeV, p-eq . RCS, 3.5 GeV Detector Gran Sasso (~ 5 times higher Q) Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  36. Beta Beam Stability (all Beams) ??? Transversal broad band impedance for 6He in DRistab. Instability dependencies of bunch intensities are being investigated for all machines (ongoing for DR and SPS) C. Hansen, CERN Very challenging, may need re-design (optimization) of decay ring. Is the impedance limit compatible with DR special RF cavity for short bunches ??? The SPS RF programs are currently being developed in detail (A. Chancé, CEA) for the Instability Studies Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

  37. Summary • Milestones and Deliverables, ~ on time (baseline parameters for He and Ne) • Good production18Ne on paper, we need experimental data (1 FTE needed) • 6He has been produced with sufficient efficiency • Production Ring feasibility • Results for production cross sections for Li are available, experiments for B being set up • Collection device is assembled and tests are ongoing • Gas jet target density needed is at least 4 orders of magnitude larger than presently used -> vacuum problems (pumping). • ECR source field measurements June and July • Linac simulations ongoing • DR and SPS • Collective effects: challenging beam conditions • RF cavities: Collaboration Cockcroft being set up • Costing: PBS advancing, costing started • One FTE needed for costing and safety 37 Summary WP4, Beta Beams, Elena Wildner

More Related