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The Cold War

The Cold War. Key Events and Policies. Key U.S. Policies. Containment Collective Security Deterrence (MAD) Foreign Aid Defense build up, race to maintain technological superiority Summitry . The Cold War [1945-1991]: An Ideological Struggle.

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The Cold War

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  1. The Cold War Key Events and Policies

  2. Key U.S. Policies • Containment • Collective Security • Deterrence (MAD) • Foreign Aid • Defense build up, race to maintain technological superiority • Summitry

  3. The Cold War [1945-1991]: An Ideological Struggle Soviet & Eastern Bloc Nations[“Iron Curtain”] US & the Western Democracies GOAL “Containment” of Communism & the eventual collapse of the Communist world.[George Kennan] GOAL spread world-wide Communism • METHODOLOGIES: • Espionage [KGB vs. CIA] • Arms Race [nuclear escalation] • Ideological Competition for the minds and hearts of Third World peoples [Communist govt. & command economy vs. democratic govt. & capitalist economy]  “proxy wars” • Bi-Polarization of Europe [NATO vs. Warsaw Pact]

  4. Yalta 1945 • Considered the beginning of the Cold War • Allowed for Soviet control of countries (including East Germany) that it liberated from Nazi control (i.e. Eastern Europe) • Stalin promises “free elections”

  5. The Division of Berlin

  6. Churchill’s Iron Curtain Speech 1946 • Referring to Soviet domination of eastern Europe and the installation of Communist governments with varying degrees of Soviet pressure. • 1946 Poland, 1947 Hungary, Rumania, 1948 Czechoslovakia, etc.

  7. The Bipolarization of Europe

  8. The Truman Doctrine March 1947 • The United States pledges to support “free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or outside pressures”. • Immediate application: Greece and Turkey

  9. National Defense Budget [1940-1964]

  10. 1947-1948 • 1947 The Marshall Plan • 1947 The policy of containment is articulated by George F. Kennan • 1948 Berlin Blockade and the Berlin Airlift (321 days)

  11. 1949 • NATO established • West Germany formed • Soviets explode A-bomb • Chinese communists win civil war, Nationalist government flees to Taiwan

  12. 1950 • The U.S. begins aid to the French in Vietnam • Sino-Soviet Pact • The Korean War (1950-1953)

  13. Korean War[1950-1953]

  14. Korean War[1950-1953] Kim Il-Sung Syngman Rhee “Domino Theory”

  15. The Shifting Map of Korea[1950-1953]

  16. 1955-1957 • 1954 French lose Vietnam • 1955 Warsaw Pact • 1956 Hungarian Revolt crushed by Soviets • 1956 Suez Crisis • 1956 Khruschev’s “we will bury you” speech • 1957 Eisenhower Doctrine (Middle East) • 1957 Soviets launch Sputnik 1 and 2 • 1957 U.S. and Soviets test ICBM’s

  17. 1959-1972 • 1959 Cuban Revolution • 1959 U2 spy plane shot down over U.S.S.R. • 1961 Bay of Pigs invasion • 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis • 1968 Prague Spring • 1972 Nixon visits China: détente, SALT I

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