THE MAJOR LINEAGES OF LIFE

1. THE MAJOR LINEAGES OF LIFE MRS. SANDY GOMEZ

2. TaxonomySchemes • TwoKingdomSystem(Carl Linnaeus) • FiveKingdomSystem(Robert Whittaker) • ThreeDomainSystem (Carl Woese)

3. THE TWO KINGDOM SYSTEM • Initiallyused by Linneus • Dividedalllifeformsinto: • Plants • Animals

4. THE TWO KINGDOM SYSTEM

5. THE FIVE KINGDOM SYSTEM • Initiallyused by Robert H. Whittaker • He dividedorganismsinto 5 kingdoms, accordingtotheirtype of cell, eatinghabits and movement. • Recognizedthetwotypes of cells: • Prokaryotes (1 kingdom) • Eukaryotes (4 kingdoms)

6. THE FIVE KINGDOM SYSTEM

7. THE FIVE KINGDOM SYSTEM • According to Linneaus: • Plants are autotrophic in nutritional mode, making their food by photosynthesis. • Fungi are heterotrophic organisms that are absorptive in nutritional mode. Most fungi are decomposers. • Animals live by ingesting food and digesting it within specialized cavities. •  Protista consisted of all eukaryotes that did not fit the definition of plants, fungi, or animals. Most of them are unicellular.

8. THE FIVE KINGDOM SYSTEM • Like any classification scheme, the five-kingdom system is not a natural fact but a human construct. • Is one attempt to order the diversity of life into a scheme that is useful and reasonable.  • But, eventually, pointed out some problems: • There are two distinct lineages of prokaryotes. • The diverse eukaryotes formerly collected in the kingdom Protista.

9. THE THREE DOMAIN SYSTEM • Introducedby Carl Woese • The three domains, are essentially super-kingdoms, a taxonomic level even higher than the kingdom level. • Bacteria • Archaea • Eukarya • Scheme that is used today • Schemes change with new scientific discoveries

10. THE THREE DOMAIN SYSTEM

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