Chapter 1 You Are The Driver

1. Chapter 1You Are The Driver Drive Right Textbook

2. Main risk in driving: • Having a conflict that results in an accident • A driver is responsible for: • Him/herself • Passengers in the car • Other drivers/passengers in other cars

3. Highway Transportation System • Made up of people, vehicles, and roadways • Purpose  move people and cargo from once place to another in a safe, efficient manner • Most important part  drivers who operate vehicles in a low-risk manner & obey laws

4. Highway Transportation System • Most complex transportation system • Safe driver is responsible for everyone on the roadway • Courts decide if drivers are guilty or innocent after violating the laws

5. Driving task • Includes social, physical, and mental skills and actions required to drive • Defensive driver • Drive in a way that reduces conflicts • Implied Consent • By getting your license and driving behind the wheel, you agree to take an alcohol test if requested • If you refuse, you will lose your license

6. A breakdown in the HTS occurs when any part of the system does not work well • Ex: traffic, collisions, poor weather conditions • Driver Error is the most common cause of collisions • Ex: speeding, tailgating, texting while driving • Traffic collisions usually have more than 1 cause • Ex: a car skids because of a slippery road and hits a tree • Traffic collisions are the most common cause of death for young people

7. IPDE Process • Definition: process of seeing, thinking, and responding • I: Identify – important information in the ongoing driving scene • P: Predict – when and where possible points of conflict will develop • D: Decide – when, where, and how to communicate, adjust speed, and change position to avoid conflict • E: Execute – the right action to prevent conflict

8. Chapter 2Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Drive Right Textbook

9. Purpose of Traffic Signs • Regulate  regulatory sign • Controls traffic • Ex: stop sign • Warn  warning sign • Alerts you to possible hazards and road conditions • Guide  guide sign • Gives directions • Ex: interstate sign

10. Colors • Red: stop, yield, prohibited • Orange: construction • Blue: motorist service • Brown: cultural interest • Yellow: warning • White: regulatory • Black: regulatory • Green: guide

11. SHAPES • Octagon: stop • Triangle: yield • Pentagon: school • Diamond: warning • Vertical rectangle: regulatory • Horizontal rectangle: guide • Round: railroad crossing • Pennant: no passing

12. Stop Sign • Red, octagon • Always come to a full stop before stop line • Yield • Allow others to use the intersection before you do • Right of way • Accept the privilege of immediate use of the road

13. 4 Way Stop 1. Driver who stopped first • Proceeds first 2. If cars stop at the same time • Driver on left should yield to driver on the right 3. If stopped across at the intersection • Driver going straight should go first • Driver turning left should wait

14. Other Signs • Yield Sign • Always slow or stop and give the right of way to traffic • Speed Limit Signs • Basic Speed Law: may not drive faster than is safe for existing conditions, regardless of posted speed • Warning Signs • Yellow, diamond • School Signs • Pentagon

15. Traffic Lights • Green • Proceed if intersection is clear • Yellow • Make the effort to stop safely • Red • Come to a complete stop before intersection • What should you do if the light turns green and pedestrians are crossing the intersection?

16. Flashing Red Light • Will never turn green! • Stop and proceed if there are no cars or pedestrians • Curb painted yellow • You may not park alongside the curb

17. Roadway Markings • Yellow Lines: separate 2 way traffic • Broken line: may pass when no traffic is coming from the opposite direction • Solid line: passing is not allowed • White Lines: separate lanes of traffic traveling in the same direction • Broken line: may switch between lanes • Solid line: cannot switch between lanes

19. Rumble Strips • Short sections of corrugated roadways • Alert drivers through noise the tires make when driving over them • Located… • Before tolls • Side of highways

20. Chapter 3Basic Vehicle Control Drive Right Textbook

22. Speedometer • Tells you the speed you are traveling • Odometer • Indicates the total number of miles the vehicle has driven

23. Fuel Gauge • Shows the amount of fuel in the tank • Temperature Light or Gauge • Warns you when the coolant in the engine is too hot

24. Safety Belt Light • Reminds you to fasten your seat belt before moving • Turn Signal Indicators • Tell you the direction you have signaled to turn • High Beam Indicators • This light glows when the high-beam lights are on

25. Inside and Outside Rearview Mirrors • Inside: shows the view from the rear window • Outside: shows the view from the left and right rear of your vehicle • Blind Spot Areas: the area to the left and right the driver cannot see when looking through the outside windows

26. Hazard Flasher Control • Both front and rear turn signal lights flash at the same time • Horn • Located on the steering wheel

27. Gears • P = Park • Locks the transmission • Only can remove key when vehicle is in park • R = Reverse • Backing up • N = Neutral • Wheels can roll without engine power • D = Drive • Moving forward

28. Outside Checks • Walk around your vehicle and look for objects in the path you intend to take • Check tires to see they are properly inflated • Notice what direction your tires are pointed • Make sure windshield is clear • Remove any snow/ice that may have accumulated

29. Hand Steering Positions • Hands should be kept at 9 and 3 o’clock or 8 and 4 o’clock to avoid injury from airbag

30. Putting Vehicle in Motion • Press on brake • Move gear to DRIVE • Release the brake • Check for traffic • Use signals to move away from the curb if parked • If all is clear, press the accelerator

31. Chapter 4Managing Risk with the IPDE Process Drive Right Textbook

32. Risks • Driver • Vehicle • Roadway

33. Predict Identify • Actions of other users • Speed • Direction • Control • Point of conflict • Open and closed zones • Specific clues • Other users • Roadway conditions • Traffic controls

34. Execute Decide • Control speed • Steer • Communicate • Combine actions • Change or maintain speed • Change direction • Communicate

35. Smith System • Helps drivers develop good seeing habits • Aim high in steering • Get the big picture • Keep your eyes moving • Highway hypnosis • Leave yourself an “out” • Make sure they see you

36. Zone Locations

37. Zones of Roadway • Space around the vehicle in the drivers sight • Open Zone • Space where you can drive without a restriction • Closed Zone • Space not open to you because of a restrict in your intended path of travel

38. Searching Ranges • Target Area Range • Search this area to detect early any conditions that might affect your intended path of travel • 12-15 Second Range • Identify changes in your line of sight to make decisions about controlling your path of travel • 4-6 Second Range • Get the final update of how you are controlling your intended path of travel

39. Orderly Visual Search Pattern • Look ahead at your target area • Evaluate the zones in the 12-15 second range • Glance in the rearview mirrors and check rear zones • Evaluate your 4-6 second range before entering that space • Check speedometer and gauges • REPEAT!

40. Where to look? • Field of Vision • Area you can see around you • Central Vision • Area you can see sharply • Peripheral Vision • Area to the left and right • Aim High in Steering • Look 12-15 seconds ahead

41. What to look for? • Change from multilane to single lane • Change in width of lane • Roadway surface • Roadside hazards

42. What to Predict? • Path: where other drivers may go • Action: what actions other drivers will take • Space: what type of space zones are around you • Point of Conflict: where two paths may cross

44. Minimize the Hazard • Reduce the possibility of conflict • Separate the Hazard • Dealing with one hazard at a time • Compromise Space • When hazards cannot be avoided, give as much space to the greater hazard