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Rome

The Rise and Fall. Rome. Location. Located on the Mediterranean Sea. Half way up the Boot Early inhabitants were Latins , Etruscans, and Greeks 15 Miles inland from the coast on the Tiber River Early government was established by Monarchs. Government in Rome.

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Rome

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  1. The Rise and Fall Rome

  2. Location • Located on the Mediterranean Sea. • Half way up the Boot • Early inhabitants were Latins, Etruscans, and Greeks • 15 Miles inland from the coast on the Tiber River • Early government was established by Monarchs

  3. Government in Rome • 500’s BCE Roman Aristocracies began to form. • Established a Republic • Republic: is a form of government in which voters elect officials to run the government. • Only adult males could vote • The Government was run by three groups.

  4. Three Branches of Gov. • The Senate • Most powerful governing body. • 300 members • Controlled money, determined foreign policy, and could elect a dictator. • Popular assemblies • Voted on laws and elected officials • Elected Tribunes: 10 powerful officials • Magistrates • Chief executives

  5. Conflicts of Order • Struggles for power changed the system. • Two social Classes after 509 bce • Patricians • Powerful aristocratic class that controlled the government • Plebeians • All non-patricians • Patricians controlled everything and plebeians often suffered at their expense.

  6. Roman Expantion • Plebeians gain rights • Strikes • Social disturbance • The Republic expanded after they were able to conquer the Italian peninsula. • Punic Wars 264-146 BCE • Carthage: Northern Africa and Spain • Gave Rome more control in the area.

  7. Problems with Expansion • Governmentfor a Small City-State. • Economy agriculture became larger which forced a decline on independent farmers. Unemployment grew. • Commerce Wealthy people started getting rich off trade to meet the needs of the republic which stratified the different classes.

  8. Rise of an Empire • More land meant a different style of government. • More focus on certain individuals instead of the representatives. • First Triumvirate • Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Licinius Crassus • Caesar rises to power.

  9. Julius Caesar • As a military leader he was successful in capturing Gaul (Part of France). • Seized power from Pompey • “Crossed the Rubicon” • Named dictator for life. • Took Egypt by placing Cleopatra on the throne. • Very good Politician • Granted citizenships • Gave land to veterans • Was killed by the Senate

  10. Post Cesar • After the Success of Cesar, Rome decided to choose Emperors along with their representatives. • Bad Emperors followed but a series of successful emperors reigned. • PaxRomana • Time of peace in Rome where the economy grew, and encountered military success.

  11. Roman Lifestyles • Living conditions • Wealthy people had running water, lavish parties. • Amusements • Enjoyed races at circus maximus, and battles at the colosseum. • Trade and Transportation • Complex road system that allowed goods to get to Rome.

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