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DIAMOND Storage Ring Optical and X-ray Diagnostics

DIAMOND Storage Ring Optical and X-ray Diagnostics. I. Introduction to DIAMOND. II. Visible diagnostics lines. - Streak camera. - Multi-channel analyser. III. X-ray diagnostics lines. - X-ray pinhole camera. Storage ring 3 GeV (comm. Jan. 2006). Booster  0.1 – 3 GeV. Ø 17 8.3 m.

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DIAMOND Storage Ring Optical and X-ray Diagnostics

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  1. DIAMOND Storage Ring Optical and X-ray Diagnostics

  2. I. Introduction to DIAMOND II. Visible diagnostics lines - Streak camera - Multi-channel analyser III. X-ray diagnostics lines - X-ray pinhole camera

  3. Storage ring 3 GeV (comm. Jan. 2006) Booster  0.1 – 3 GeV Ø 178.3 m LINAC (comm. May 2005)  100 MeV 48 potential beamlines 25 March 2004

  4. 25 March 2004

  5. The optical Diagnostics 1 - Imaging transverse and longitudinal beam 2 - Analysis of the image  beam characteristics 2 X-ray pinhole cameras: emittance, energy spread Transverse axis: 1 visible CCD camera: watching the beam Streak camera: bunch long. distribution, analysis of long. instabilities Longitudinal axis: Collimator + multi-channel analyser: purity of the buckets Photodiode + oscilloscope and / or spectrum analyser

  6. Location Two bending magnets BM 1, ID 1 + hutch (prefab.) for the optical lab. (40 m2)  streak camera  CCD, Bunch purity, etc.

  7. Dipole 1 (ID 1)  X-ray pinhole camera Dipole 2 (BM 1):  X-ray pinhole camera Streak camera CCD camera  Visible light  optical hutch Collimator + Multi-channel analyser Photodiode + fast oscilloscope / spectrum analyser

  8. Tp Tt T Beam characteristics at the source points in BM 1 and ID 1 Time domain Pulse length st = 10 ps relative energy spread se= 0.001 Time inter pulse, Tp = 2 ns Pulse train duration, Tt = 1.248 ms Revolution period, T= 1.872 ms Transverse plane sy emittance e = 2.7 nm rad sx sx = 50 mm sy = 25 mm

  9. Visible S.R. from Dipole 2 O.D. S S.C. Power meter 1.5 m CCD Computer collimator PMT + MCA 3 m S: remote controlled shutter PMT : Photo multiplier tube O.D. : graduated optical density MCA : Multi-channel analyser S.C. : Streak camera

  10. Streak camera Electron bunch longitudinal distribution, f Bunch length ( <f2> )  Evolution Bunch centroid ( <f> )  Broad band impedance: f ≡ f (Zn /n)

  11. Streak camera - fast sweep at 250 MHz sweep range: 175 - 1200 ps - slow sweep sweep range: 20 ns - 70 ms - ‘firewire’ CCD camera software solution for acquisition > 70 ms

  12. Bunch purity measurement  Statistical distribution of electrons in the ring SR PC N. dens. Coll. PMT MCA 1015 Ph / s 4.2  106 Ph / s = 8 Ph / turn Number of channels > 15 bits (32768) Resolution: 32 ps / channel Memory > 20 bits / channel (106)

  13. X-ray pinhole camera G. Rehm – Acquisition of diagnostic screen and synchrotron radiation images using IEEE 1394 digital cameras - Poster - 1 W 10 mW Cu 0.8 ° Firewire CCD Al (3 mm) Pinhole (25 mm2) Lens screen (outside vacuum) 45 W d = 4 m D = 8 m Magnification  2

  14. Photon counting: On the screen  1010 photons / s @ > 15 keV Image Size (3 s) 300  150 mm2 On the CCD Pixel size: 10  10 mm2 Energy conversion rate: 10 % Number of photons / pixel:  ≈ 20 Ph/ ms@ 1 mA  ≈ 10  103 Ph / ms@ 500 mA

  15. Size of the photon beam in Dipole 1 and 2 vs. relative energy spread b, a, g, h, h’, and e known D = 8 m d = 4 m

  16. Accuracy of the measurement • Computed accuracy: • Generate set of distributions of Twiss parameters • Generate a set of photon beam sizes on the screen, assuming se0 and e0 • Fit the sizes with the nominal Twiss parameters • Find a distribution set of emittances and relative energy spread •  retrieve the centre and the standard deviation of the distributions

  17. Conclusion • A set of optical measurements to diagnose the quality of the • DIAMOND electron beam has been designed. 6-dimensional phase space:  Streak camera images: bunch length, bunch centroid, impedance  X-ray pinhole camera: transverse sizes, emittance, energy spread Electron bunch train quality:  Multi-channel analyser with 32 ps resolution, 106 dynamical resolution

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